[19] FLOUNDERS AND SOLES. . 243 



most indifferently dextral or sinistral. The lately-described Hippoglos- 

 sina punctatissima Steindachner, from Japan, seems to belong to Xyst- 

 reurys. 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF XYSTREURYS. 



a. Body broadly elliptical ; mouth small ; maxillary reaching pupil, 2f in head; eyes 

 large, \\ in head, separated by a very narrow, blunt, scaly ridge ; teeth small, con- 

 ical, blunt, uniserial, those below subequal, those above larger in front. Gill- 

 rakers very short, broad, weak, 2 -\- 7. Scales small, cycloid, with many accessory 

 scales. Skin of shoulder girdle and gill arches with cup-shaped, tubercular scales. 

 Dorsal inserted above pupil; no anal spine. Pectoral of eyed side falcate, varying 

 much in length, usually much longer than head ; anterior nostril of blind side with 

 a short flap. Head 3*, depth 1| ; D. 80 ; A. 62 ; Lat. 1. 123 ; vertebne 12 -f 25 = 37. 

 Olive-brown, mottled with darker, sometimes with very distinct round black 

 blotches or ocelli; pectoral of colored side barred Liolepis. 11. 



11. XYSTREURYS LIOLEPIS. 



Xystreurys Uolcpis Jordan and Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, p. 34 (Santa 

 Barbara). Jordan and Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, p. 454 (Santa Barbara; 

 San Pedro). Jordan and Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, p. 66 (Santa Barbara). 



ParaHchtliys liolepis Jordan and Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. A., p. 825, 1882. 



This species is rather common on the coast of California, from Point 

 Concepcion southward. It is a very variable species, the coloration and 

 the length of the pectoral tins having a wide range of variation. 



Genus X.— PARALICHTHYS. 



Paralichthys Girard, U. S. Pac. R. R. Surv., Fish., 1859, 146 (maculosii8 = calij orni- 



cus). 

 Pseudorhombus Bleeker, Comptes Rendus, Acad. Sci. Amsterd., xiii, 1862, notice 



sur quelques genres de la famille des Pleuronectidse, 5 (pohjspilos). 

 Uropsetta Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 330 (californicus = maculosu8). 

 Chaenopsetta Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, 218 (ocellaris = dentatii8). 



Type: Plcuronectes maculosus Girard =Hippoglossus califoruhus 

 Ayres. 



This genus, as now restricted, contains a considerable number of 

 species, inhabiting both coasts of America and the eastern and south- 

 ern coasts of Asia. As indicated by the reduced number of vertebrae, 

 the species range further southward than do those of the type of Hip 

 poglossoides. 



The name Pseudorhombus has been often used for this genus by Eu- 

 ropean writers, but the preferable name of Paralichthys has clear priority. 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF PARALICHTHYS. 



a. Gill-rakers in large number, about 9 + 20, as long as the eye and very slender ; 

 body elongate, rather robust ; head small, 3f to 4£ in length; maxil- 

 lary about as long as pectoral and about half length of head ; depth 

 of body 2| to 2f in length ; caudal peduncle very long ; interorbital 

 space flattish, its width less than vertical diameter of eye; scales 

 moderate, somewhat ciliated, about 100 pores in the lateral line; arch 

 of lateral line 3£ in straight part ; dorsal rays 67 to 71; aual rays 51 

 to 57; vertebrae 10 + 25=35; color grayish brown, uniform, or mot- 



