350 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [8] 



sharply but finely serrate ; gill-rakers 

 very small, thickish ; pores and slits 

 on snout obsolete. (Fluviatile spe- 

 cies.) Pachytjrus, 15. 



cc. Lowerjaw with one or more barbels, either at the symphysis or on the rami; 



snout with slits and pores as in Sci- 

 cciia; lower jaw included ; preorbital 

 broad ; lower teeth in villiform bauds ; 

 gill-rakers more or less short. 

 2>. PseudobranchisB well developed; pectoral fin not 

 elongate. 

 q. Lower jaw with slender barbels, usually several 



in number. 

 r. Barbels mostly in a tuft at the symphysis of 

 lower jaw; mouth very small, infe- 

 rior ; gill-rakers minute, thickish ; 

 O dorsal spines 10 or 11. 



8. Preopercle sharply but finely serrate ; preor- 

 bital turgid and cavernous, more or 

 less translucent ; caudal fin rhom- 

 bic. (Fluviatile species.) 



Pachypops, 10. 

 su. Preopercle without bony serrse ; preorbital 

 very broad, but less distinctly cavern- 

 ous POLYCIRRHUS, 17. 



rr. Barbels chiefly lateral, along the rami of the 

 lower jaw, usually none at the 

 symphysis ; lower pharyngeals nar- 

 row with sharp teeth. 

 t. Preopercle without bony serraj ; dorsal 

 spines 14 ; gill-rakers short, but 



rather slender Genyonemtjs, 18. 



ti. Preopercle with its bony margin armed 



with strong teeth ; dorsal spines 10 



or 11; gill-rakers short, thickish. 



MlCROPOGON, 19. 



qq. Lowerjaw with a single thickish barbel at its tip. 



u. Air-bladder large ; anal spines two ; back 



more or less elevated ; preopercle with 



its bony margin crenate or serrate ; 



pectorals short, shorter than ventrals. 



(Free-swimming species. ) 



Umbrina, 20. 

 mu. Air-bladder none ; anal spine single, 

 weak ; back not elevated ; preopercle 

 with its membranaceous edge crenu. 

 late ; pectoral fins long, longer than 

 ventrals. (Bottom fishes. ) 



Menticirrhus, 21. 

 pp. PseudobranchisB obsolete; body long and low; 

 caudal pointed ; pectoral fin elongate ; 

 preopercle without bony serratnres. 

 v. Chin without barbels ; a row of slender 

 barbels along inner edge of mandible; 

 soft dorsal with about 30 rays: 



Paralonchurus, 22. 



