364 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [22] 



Otolithus rhomooidalis Cuvier, Regno Animal, ed. 2, 1829 (based on Lutjarius cayen- 

 nensis Lac6pede). 

 Otolithus toeroe Cvly. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 72, plate 103, 1830, Cayenne (same 

 type asi. cayennensis Lac., Surinam, Brazil, Lake Maracaibo), Hid., ix, 478 

 (Cayenne). 

 Apseudobranchus toeroe Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 18 (name only). 



Habitat — Surinam, Brazil. 



There seems to be no reason to doubt that this is the Otolithus toeroe 

 of Cuvier & Valenciennes, and this toeroe is based on the same typical 

 examples as the prior names rhomboidalis and cayennensis. 



As to the still earlier name aconpa, it seems to us that Cuvier and 

 Valenciennes are right in referring it to a species of this group, as the ' 

 caudal is rounded, the lower jaw projecting, the teeth unequal, and the 

 second dorsal with 18 rays. As, according to the statements of these 

 authors, the lish called "Toeroe" by the Dutch in Guiana is known as 

 u Acoupa"by the Portuguese, this identification is highly probable. 

 The specific name aconpa should then supersede cayennensis. 



Our description of this species is taken chiefly from a specimen 14 

 inches long from Cachiura, Brazil (10S92, M. C. Z.). Numerous other 

 specimens are in the museum from Surinam, San Matheo, Curuca, Ca- 

 chiura, and Bio Janeiro. 



The statement is made by Dr. Giinther that this species lacks pseudo- 

 branchia?, and on this statement Dr. Gill has proposed for it the generic 

 name of Ap&eudobranclius. 



It is true in this as in other species of Cestreus that the pseudo- 

 branchiae become smaller with age. Usually they become (in old spe- 

 cimens) obsolete on one side while they are perfectly evident on the 

 other. This is the case with all the old specimens of this species which 

 we have examined, and it is true also in several others of the larger 

 species. The genus Apseudobranckiis is therefore strictly synonymous 

 with Cestreus and Cynoscion. 



7. CESTREUS SQUAMIPINNIS. 



Otolithus squamipinnis Gunther, Fishes Central America, 387 and 429, I860 (Panama). 



Steindaehner, Neue und Selteue Fische k. k. Zool. Mus. Wien, 37, 1879 



(Panama"). 

 Cynoscion squumipinne Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, 232 (La Union 



San Salvador). Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish Com., 1881, 320 (La 



Union). 



Habitat. — Pacific coast of tropical America. 



This species is known from a few specimens taken at La Union and 

 Panama. Specimens obtained by Prof. Alexander Agassiz at Panama 

 are in the museum at Cambridge. 



8. CESTREUS OTHONOPTERUS. 



Cynoscion squamipinnis Streets, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., vii, 49, 1877 (oft' San Ygnaclo 

 River, Gulf of California) (not Otolithus squamipinnis Gunther). 



Cynoscion othonopierum Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, 274 (Punta San 

 Felipe, Mexico). Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish Com., 1881. 320 (copied). 



Habitat. — Gulf of California. 



