[29] 



REVIEW OF THE SCLENID2E. 371 



20. CESTREUS PHOXOCEPHALUS. 



Cynoscion phoxocephalum Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish Com., 1831, 318 (Panama). 



Habitat. — Pacific coast of tropical America ; Panama. 



This species is not uncommon about Panama. It somewhat resembles 

 Cestreus nobilis, but it is not known to reach the large size of the latter. 

 The tapering form of the head reaches an extreme in this species, and 

 the silvery luster of the scales is brighter than in any other. 



A specimen of this species from Panama is in the museum at Cam- 

 bridge. 



21. CESTREUS LEIARCHUS. 



Otolithus leiarchus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 78, 1830 (Brazil; Cayenne). Giin- 

 tber, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., ii, 308, 1860 (Bahia). Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., 

 1886, 540 (note on type of Cuvier & Valenciennes). 



Habitat — Coasts of Brazil and Guiana. 



This species is known to us from the examination of the type, a dried 

 skin of a young example in the museum at Paris. The absence of the 

 anal spine (" leiarchus ") is due to its being covered by varnish. 



The description given in our analysis is taken from an example (34500, 

 U. S. Nat. Mus.) from unknown locality (Brevoort Coll.) and from speci- 

 mens from Eio Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Bahia, and Santos, in the mu- 

 seum at Cambridge. C. leiarchus is closely related to Cestreus phoxo- 

 ccphalus, but it more strongly resembles the typical Ccstrei than the 

 latter species does. 



22. CESTREUS VIRESCENS. 



Otolithus vircsccns Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 72, 1830 (Surinam). 

 Cynoscion virescens Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1836, 588 (name only). 

 Otolithus microps Steindacbner, Neue Fiscb-Arten k. k. Museeu Wien, Stuttgart, 

 und Warscbau, 38, plate viii, fig. 2, 1879 (Porto Alegre, Brazil). 



Habitat. — Coasts of Guiana and Brazil. 



We know this species from a specimen (4584, M. C. Z.) 18 inches long 

 from Victoria, Brazil. 



This specimen agrees well with Steiudachner's description of Otoli- 

 thus microps. The scanty account given by Cuvier and Valenciennes 

 of Otolithus vircscens agrees, so far as it goes, with O. microps, and 

 with no other South American species known. We have been unable 

 to find the type of virescens in the museum at Paris. There seems to be 

 little reason for doubting the identity of the two. We have therefore 

 taken the older name instead of microps. 



23. CESTREUS MICROLEPIDOTUS. 



Otolithus microl&pidotus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 79, 1830 (Surinam). Giin- 

 tber, Cat. Fisb. Brit. Mus., ii, 311, 1860 (copied). Steindachner, Neue und 

 Seltene Fiscbe k. k. Zool. Mus. Wien, 39, 1879 (Maranbao). 



Cynoscion microlepidotum Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1886, 588 (name only). 



Habitat. — Coasts of Surinam and Brazil. 



