408 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [66] 



in head ; mouth moderate, low, subiuferior, the lower jaw iucluded ; maxillary 2ij 

 in head, reaching at least to below middle of eye; preorbital nearly as broad as 

 eye ; teeth in both jaws in broad villiform bands, none-of them enlarged ; lower 

 pharyngeals large, with many rounded molars, the outer series and a patch at the 

 outer corner, composed of villiform teeth; gill-rakers slender, rather short, 7+15; 

 posterior margin of preopercle with short, stout teeth; dorsal spines strong, the 

 longest 2 in head; caudal lunate, the upper lobe the longer; second anal spine 

 stout, 3£ in head ; pectorals much longer than ventrals, about as long as head ; scales 

 below lateral line in slightly oblique series. Color grayish silvery, with bluish luster, 

 some streaks of dark points along the rows of scales ; breast and belly with two 

 dusky longitudinal streaks; a very conspicuous jet black spot as large as eye at 

 base of pectoral; axil and lining of gill cavity black. D. X-I, 24 ; A. II, 8; scales 

 (3-60-9 Stearnsi, 70. 



70. RONCADOR STEARNSI. 



(The Roncador.) 

 [Plate V.] 



Corvina stearnsi Steindachner, Ichthyol. Beitr., iii, 22, 1875 (San Diego). 



Roncador stearnsi Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 28 (San Diego) (gen. 

 nov.). Jordan «fc Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 456 (Santa Barbara, 

 San Pedro, San Diego). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, 49 

 (Santa Barbara, southward). Jordan & Gilbert, Syn. Fish. North Am., 572, 

 1883. Rosa Smith, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1883, 234 (Todos Santos Bay, 

 Lower California). Goode, Hist. Aquat. Anim., 379, plate 129, 1884 (Santa 

 Barbara, Cal.). Rosa Smith, West American Scientist, 1885, 47 (San Diego). 

 Jordan, Cat. Fish. North America, 93, 1885 (name only). 

 Habitat. — Coast of Southern California, north to Santa Barbara. 

 This species is rather common on the coast of Southern California, 



where it is a food fish of some importance. It reaches a weight of 5 or 



C pounds. 

 The black ocellus on the base of the pectoral fin iu this species is as 



characteristic as that at the base of the caudal in Sciwna ocellata. 



Genus XIV.— LEIOSTOMUS. 



Leiostomus Lac6pede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 4:59, 1802 {xantliurus). 

 Liostomus Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., 18(53, 63 (corrected orthography). 



Type : Leiostomus xantliurus Lacepede. 



This genus, as now understood, contains but a single species. It is 

 distinguished from Sciwna chiefly by the obsolescence of the teeth in 

 the lower jaw, and by the more paved teeth of the pharyngeals. The 

 soft rays of the dorsal fin and especially of the anal* are more numerous 

 than in related groups. 



ANALYSIS OV SPECIES OF LEIOSTOMUS. 



a. Body short, deep, much compressed; back in front of dorsal compressed to a sharp 

 edge ; profile steep, convex, depressed over the eyes ; dorsal outline convex, high- 

 est at front of dorsal; depth 3 in length; head 3£ to3i; snout very blunt, as 



