[43] PISH CULTURE IN CENTRAL EUROPE. 581 



at the present time this industry has made such rapid strides in Ger- 

 many, that Mr. Haack deems it proper and advisable that the Govern- 

 ment should cease to carry it on exclusively, but let private enterprise 

 take hold of it. 



2. Selzerihof. — The fish-cultural establishment of Selzenhof is situated 

 about an hour and a half's journey ironi the city of Freiburg in the 

 Grand Duchy of Baden. It belongs to Mr. Schuster, the mayor of Frei- 

 burg, who founded it in 1865, and enlarged it in 1872. It does not re- 

 ceive any fixed subsidy; but the Baden Government pays it for the 

 young salmon placed in the Rhine and for the Coregoni placed in the 

 Lake of Constance, on the shores of which Mr. Schuster has another es- 

 tablishment, Badolfszell. 



It furnishes embryonated eggs to the German Fishery Association, 

 and to many public and private fish-cultural establishments. 



The eggs are hatched in a small one-story building, divided into three 

 rooms, two large and one small. The water comes from a brook running 

 at a short distance from the house, but as in winter this water is too 

 cold, it is then mixed with spring water, which is warmer, so that in the 

 hatching-room its temperature is not lower than 2° B. [3G.5° F.]. The 

 water passes through a sand-filter, which need not always be employed, 

 as the water is very pure. The hatching-rooms are somewhat lower than 

 the filter, and the water which enters through two pipes, one for each of 

 the large rooms, circulates in an open canal, constructed of masonry, 

 placed at a certain height along the walls, whence it falls into the troughs 

 below. To each of the openings perforated metal tubes are attached, for 

 the purpose of aerating the water, which process Mr. Schuster considers 

 very important, and endeavors to further it by every possible means. 



The kinds of fish on which Mr. Schuster operates all belong to the 

 family of the salmonoids, and are especially the Bhine salmon, river 

 trout, lake trout, Salvelinus, Thymallus, and Coregonus. A trade is also 

 carried on in trout eggs fecundated by salmon milt, which are much 

 sought after by fish-culturists, because the hybrids obtained by this 

 process develop very rapidly and do not go into the sea. He has also 

 undertaken the culture of Salmo fonUnalis and Salmo iridcus from North 

 America. 



The troughs which serve for hatching the eggs are cemented and 22 

 in number. Their length varies from 360 to 480 centimeters, and their 

 breadth is 45, and their depth 18 centimeters. [Each trough is there- 

 fore about 14 feet long, 18 inches wide, and 7 inches deep.] They are 

 covered with wooden lids, having some openings provided with grating. 

 The eggs are placed on wire frames, which can be placed one above the 

 other. There are also employed some California boxes, according to a 

 model prepared by Mr. Schuster. 



There are 9 ponds, which are used for raising young fish and for keeping 

 the spawning fish. Two of these ponds are for carp. The ponds are 

 arranged one above the other, so that the water passing from one pond 



