998 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [126] 



Dredging stations of the Porcupine, I860 — Continued, 



68 

 69 



70 

 71 

 72 

 73 

 74 

 75 

 76 

 77 

 78 

 71) 

 80 

 81 

 82 

 83 

 84 

 85 

 80 

 87 

 88 

 89 

 90 

 VI 

 VII 



VIII 



X 



XI 



XII 



XIV 



XV 



XVII 



Date. 



Latitude. 



August . 

 ...do.... 



Aug. 28 

 .Sept. 1 



...do .... 



...do .... 



...do .... 



..do .... 



Sept, 2 

 .. .lo .... 

 September 



..<1<> 



..do .... 



...lo .... 



..do .... 



..do .... 

 Sept. 4 



..do .... 

 .do .... 

 Sept. 6 

 ..do .... 



Sept. 7 



North. 

 o ' 



60 23 

 60 01 



GO 04 

 60 17 

 60 20 

 60 29 

 60 39 

 60 45 

 60 36 

 60 34 

 60 14 

 59 44 



59 49 

 50 51 



60 00 

 CO 06 

 59 34 

 59 40 

 :.!) is 

 59 35 

 59 26 

 59 38 



59 41 

 CD 45 



60 07 

 60 10 

 60 28 

 60 30 

 59 30 

 59 50 

 CO 38 

 59 49 



Longi- 

 tude. 



East. 



O I 



33 

 18 



Wist. 



21 



2 53 



3 05 

 3 06 

 3 09 

 3 00 



3 58 



4 40 

 4 30 

 4 44 



4 42 



5 01 

 5 13 



5 08 



6 34 

 6 34 



6 31 

 9 11 

 8 23 



7 40 

 7 34 



4 49 



5 21 

 5 50 

 6 

 7 

 7 



55 

 16 

 2(1 

 9 15 



11 07 



12 36 



Depth. 



Fa th. 



66 



103 

 76 

 si 

 203 

 250 

 344 

 500 

 290 

 70 

 92 

 142 

 312 

 362 

 155 

 190 

 445 

 767 

 705 

 445 

 458 

 510 

 500 

 550 

 500 

 450 

 530 

 650 

 570 

 620 



Kiud of bottom. 



Tempera- 

 tures 

 Fahrenheit. 



Sur- 

 face. 



52.5 

 53.5 



53.4 

 53.0 

 52.3 

 52.7 

 52.6 

 51.5 

 50.3 

 50.9 

 52.2 

 52. 1 

 53.2 

 53.3 

 52.3 

 53.1 

 51.3 

 53.9 

 53.6 

 52.5 

 53.5 

 53.1 

 53.1 

 52.0 

 51.0 

 53.0 

 51.0 

 50.0 

 52.5 

 53.0 

 52. 

 52.0 



Bot- 

 tom. 



44.0 

 43.8 



45.1 

 48.6 

 48.8 

 48.8 

 47.6 

 41.9 

 29.7 

 29. 8 

 41.5 

 48.9 

 49.4 

 49.1 

 41.4 

 37.5 

 49.1 

 48.6 

 30.1 

 41.4 

 42.6 

 45. 5 

 45.2 

 31.7 

 30.2 

 29.8 

 30.8 

 31.2 

 44.8 

 42.5 

 43.5 

 43.5 



Tempera- 

 tures 

 centigrade- 



Siir- Hot- 

 face, torn. 



11.4 

 12.0 



11.9 

 11.6 

 11.3 

 11.5 

 11.4 

 10.8 

 10.1 

 10.5 

 11.2 

 11.2 

 11.8 

 11.8 

 11.2 

 11.7 

 11.4 

 12.1 

 12.0 

 11.4 

 12. 

 11.7 

 11.7 

 11.1 

 10.6 

 11.7 

 10.6 

 10.0 

 11.4 

 11.7 

 11.1 

 11.1 



6.7 

 6.5 



7.3 



9.2 



9.4 



0.4 



8.7 



5. 5 



— 1. 1 



—1.2 



5.3 



9.4 



9.6 



9.5 



5.2 



3.0 



9.5 



9.3 



—1.0 



5.2 



5.9 



7.5 



7.3 



—0.2 



—1.0 



—1.2 



—0.7 



—0.4 



7.1 



5.8 



6.4 



0.4 



DREDGING AND SOUNDING STATIONS OF THE PORCUPINE, 



1870. 



The dredgings of the Porcupine iu 1S70, like those of 1SC9 and those 

 of the Lightning iu 18GS, were undertaken at the request of the Royal 

 Society to extend the examination of the deep-sea bottom to the south 

 of Europe and the Mediterranean. Two cruises were made, the first 

 under the scientific direction of Mr. Gwyu Jeffreys, accompanied by 

 Mr. Josua Liudahl and Mr. W. L. Carpenter, extending from Falmouth 

 to Gibraltar, and the second under W. B. Carpenter, assisted by Mr. 

 Liudahl and Mr. P. II. Carpenter, exploring the western basin of the 

 .Mediterranean between Gibraltar and Malta, in order to determine its 

 physical and biological relations to the Atlantic, with special reference 

 to the Gibraltar current. The temperature observations made on this 

 second cruise, showing an almost absolute uniformity of temperature 

 from the depth of about 100 fathoms (or that of the Straits of Gibraltar) 

 to the greatest depths reached (1,743 fathoms), shed a most important 

 light upon the phenomena of ocean basius inclosed by shallow barriers, 

 such as the Mediterranean, the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and 

 Sooloo Sea, as contrasted with those of the open ocean. Thus, on this 

 season's work, the six temperatures taken below 1,000 fathoms in the 

 Mediterranean (ranging from 1,328 to 1,743 fathoms) were all between 



