no. 1809. MAMMALS FROM BORNEO AND VICINITY— LYON. 59 



Balik Papan Bay, February 1-February 24, 1909. Balik Papan Bay extends 

 nearly 18 miles in a northerly direction. Several rivers empty into it. The eastern 

 shore is high and hilly for the most part, the western low and covered with mangroves. 

 There were very few inhabitants when the Royal Dutch Oil Company first estab- 

 lished its headquarters here about fifteen years ago. Now there is a large settlement, 

 wharves, oil refineries, paraffin works, etc., and about 6,000 inhabitants, situated on 

 the eastern entrance to the bay. It is an excellent harbor. The shores of the bay 

 are still mostly heavy forest. The line of the bay probably coincides with that of a 

 fault. The hills are mostly red laterite, but a line of limestone stretches southwest- 

 ward not far from the head of the bay. Animal life is fairly plentiful. Banting (Bos 

 sondaicus) were said to occur especially around the head of the bay. 



Pulo Lamukotan, May 7-10, 1907. Pulo Lamukotan is the largest of the Burong 

 Islands, and lies about 10 miles off the mainland of Borneo. It is about 4 miles long 

 by 1 mile wide. It consists of a long ridge with a low rock near the middle of the 

 island. The highest point is near the southern end and is nearly 1,000 feet in height. 

 Most of the surface is now cleared and the lower parts entirely planted with coconuts, 

 which are very fine and healthy. The only heavy forest remaining covers the highest 

 summit and the crest of the ridge on the southern part of the island, and a smaller 

 piece on the summit of the northern ridge. The soil seems fertile and the surface is 

 not very rocky, except upon the shore. The forest trees are very large in the remain- 

 ing jungle. The other islands in the group, four in number, are smaller and have 

 been entirely cleared and planted with coconuts. The inhabitants are Malays 

 from Sambas. A Sciuras vittatus, a Macacus cynomolgus, a large pig, and three or 

 more rats constitute the mammalian fauna. Pigs are not now very numerous, having 

 been largely hunted off by Chinese from the mainland, who employ dogs. Pigs were 

 formerly very abundant upon the other islands of the group (Penata and Kebun), 

 but have been entirely exterminated upon these since the clearing of the jungle. 

 Rats seemed pretty common. My traps were set in the jungle on the ridge near the 

 highest peak. Fruit pigeons and Nicobar pigeons were fairly common. 



Pulo Temaju, May 5-6, 1907. (First visited by Doctor Abbott in 1905.) Pulo 

 Temaju is now mostly cleared and planted with coconut. The only heavy forest 

 remaining covers the summit and upper slopes of the highest peak. There are no 

 mammals except Sciurus proserpinx and rats. The coconut trees are not very pro- 

 ductive and seem much diseased. 



Pulo Datu, May 2-4, 1907. Pulo Datu lies 21 miles from the coast of Borneo. It 

 is about 1| miles long by three-fourths mile wide. It is very hilly (mountainous) 

 and rocky, and rises to about 1,000 feet. It is covered with heavy forest, except 

 at some places on the east side, where some clearings have been made and a few 

 coconuts planted. The clearings are now overgrown with large secondary jungle, 

 as the rats swarm to such an extent it is impossible to grow anything. Squirrels 

 (Sciurus vittatus group) were plentiful. No monkeys. I put out about forty rat 

 traps one night. Nearly every one was sprung in the morning, but many of the rats 

 had been devoured by land or hermit crabs. White fruit pigeons and Nicobar pigeons 

 were common. There are no sand beaches, but plenty of fresh water flows out beneath 

 the rocks, on the east side at any rate, between high and low water marks. Mus 

 "rattus" appeared to be more abundant then M. "lingensis," but the hermit crabs 

 showed marked preference for the latter and spoiled most of those caught. 



Pulo Panebangan, May 16-26, June 2-3, and September 20-21, 1907. Pulo 

 Panebangan lies 8 miles from Pulo Maja, which is practically the mainland of Borneo. 

 It is about 4 miles long by 2 to 3 wide, containing about 6,000 to 7,000 acres, It is 

 very hilly, scarcely any level ground. The highest point is said to be 1,700 feet. 

 It is uninhabited and covered with dense jungle. Rattans (of an almost valueless 

 variety) abound, and the jungle is so matted up with rattans and their flagella as 

 to be impenetrable. In some places the jungle seems to have been cleared at some 



