598 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.40. 



DRYOBATES VILLOSUS VILLOSUS (Linnaeus). 



Picus villosus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, vol. 1, 1766, p. 175. 



Picas leucomelas Boddaert, Tabl. Planch. Enlum., 1783, No. 345, fig. 1, p. 21 



(Canada). 

 Picus canadensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., vol. 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 437 (Canada). 

 Picus leucomelanus Wagler, Syst. Avium, 1827, Picus No. 18, p. 20 (Canada). 

 Picus martini Audubon, Birds Amer. (folio), vol. 4, 1838, pi. 417, figs. 1, 2 



(Toronto, Ontario, Canada). 

 Picus philippsi Audubon, Birds Amer. (folio), vol. 4, 1838, pi. 417, figs. 5, 6 



(Massachusetts). 

 Picus martinae Audubon, Ornith. Biog., vol. 5, 1839, p. 181 (Toronto, Ontario, 



Canada) (nom. emend, pro Picus martini Audubon). 

 Picus villosus, var. medius Baird, Rep. Explor. and Surv. R. R. Pac, vol. 9, 



1858, p. 84 (Middle States [of United States]). 



Chars, subsp. — Size medium (wing of male averaging 120.9 mm.); 

 lower parts white; upper wing-coverts heavily spotted with white. 



Description. — Adult male, No. 101565, U.S.N.M.; Chester County, 

 Pennsylvania, January 6, 1885; B. H. Warren. Upper parts gener- 

 ally, sides of head and neck, a broad malar stripe, wings, and middle 

 tail-feathers, black; occipital band scarlet; nasal tufts grayish white ; 

 a broad superciliary stripe, a broad rictal stripe prolonged to the 

 side of the cervix, a broad dorsal stripe, large spots on both webs of 

 remiges, and on most of the upper wing-coverts, with all of the 

 two outer rectrices (including the dwarfed outermost one), most of 

 the third, and terminal portion of fourth, and entire lower surface 

 of body, pure white. 



Measurements. — Male: 1 Wing, 118-124 (average, 120.9) mm.; 

 tail, 65-77 (71.7); exposed culmen, 27-33 (29.4); tarsus, 21-23 

 (22); middle toe, 13-15.5 (14.5). 



Female: 2 Wing, 115-121.5 (118.6); tail, 69-78.5 (73.5); exposed 

 culmen, 25-30 (26.9); tarsus, 20-22.5 (21); middle toe, 13-14.5 (13.9). 



Type-locality. — Racoon, New Jersey (ex Kalm). 



Geographical distribution. — Canadian, Transition, and Upper Austral 

 zones of the eastern United States and southern Canada : east to the 

 Atlantic coast; north to Nova Scotia; New Brunswick; Magdalen 

 Islands, Gaspe Peninsula, and Rideau River (near city of Quebec), in 

 southern Quebec; Emsdale, south central Ontario; and Moose Lake, 

 southwestern Keewatin; west to Manitoba; central North Dakota; 

 central South Dakota; central Nebraska; Dry Willow Creek (Yuma 

 County) and Fowler, in eastern Colorado; and Lipscomb and San 

 Angelo, in middle Texas ; south to Mason, central Texas ; Van Buren, 

 central western Arkansas; Endy, southeastern Missouri; Odin, 

 southern Illinois; Brookville, southern Indiana; Guthrie, south- 

 western Kentucky; Huntsville, northern Alabama; Mitchell County, 

 northwestern North Carolina; Washington County, southwestern 



» Twenty specimens, from New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and the District of Columbia. 

 ' Seventeen specimens, from the same localities. 



