no. 1840. REVISION OF HAIRY WOODPECKERS— OBERHOLSER. 605 



Temiskaming, Quebec, is rather small, but altogether too large for 

 Dryobates v. villosus, and doubtless represents the breeding form of 

 that region. This is the southernmost breeding locality for Dryobates 

 v. septentrionalis in eastern North America. 



This large northern hairy woodpecker has hitherto been called 

 Dryobates villosus leucomelas (Boddaert), 1 apparently because of the 

 Canadian habitat assigned; but an examination of the origin of this 

 name shows this view to be erroneous. Boddaert based his Picus 

 leucomelas 2 on D'Aubenton's Planches Enluminees, No. 345, fig. 1; 

 Buffon's "Epeiche du Canada"; and Brisson's "Picus varius cana- 

 densis" 3 . Buff on derived his description wholly from Brisson, so 

 the matter resolves itself into an identification of D'Aubenton's 

 plate and Brisson's description. Fortunately the measurements 

 given by Brisson, of which the most satisfactory is the length of the 

 bill, and the dimensions obtainable from D'Aubenton's drawing 

 leave no doubt that the bird of both is altogether too small for the 

 large race of northern Canada, and is none other than typical Dryo- 

 bates villosus villosus of southern Canada and the northeastern 

 United States. Boddaert's name 4 becomes therefore a synonym of 

 Dryobates villosus villosus. Gmelin's Picus canadensis 5 and Wagler's 

 Picus leucomelanus 6 have practically the same basis as Boddaert's 

 name, and are consequently identical in application. The earliest 

 tenable subspecific term for the present race becomes, therefore, 

 (Picus) septentrionalis of Nuttall, 7 which is a new name for Picus 

 canadensis Audubon, 8 not Gmelin. 



Forty-four specimens have been examined, and the following locali- 

 ties are represented: 



Alaska. — Homer. 



Alberta. — Canadian National Park; Grand Cache River, 70 miles 

 north of Jasper; Grand Cache, Smoky River; Smith Landing, Slave 

 River; near outlet of Athabaska Lake. 



British Columbia. — Soda Creek (Caribou District); Fort Grahame; 

 Similkameen River. 9 



Mackenzie. — Fort Liard; Liard River; Fort Smith; Fort Simpson; 

 Fort Providence; Fort Resolution. 



Ontario. — Toronto; 9 Rat Portage; 9 New Liskeard. 



Quebec. — Temiskaming. 



Saskatchewan. — Wingard ; Saint Louis. 



i Picus leucomelas Boddaert, Tabl. Planch. Enlum., 1783, No. 345, fig. 1, p. 21. 



2 Tabl. Planch. Enlum., 1783, No. 345, fig. 1. 



s Ornith., vol. 4, 1760, p. 45. 



* Picus leucomelas, Tabl. Planch. Enlum., 1783, p. 21. 



6 Syst. Nat., vol. 1, 1788, p. 437. 



6 Syst. Avium, 1827, Picus No. 18, p. 20. 



i Man. Ornith. U. S. and Canada, ed. 2, vol. 1, 1840, p. 684. 



s Ornith. Biog., vol. 5, 1839, p. 188. 



s Not breeding at this locality. 



