On the Anthracite Region, §c. of Pennsylvama. 63 
Next to Mauch Chunk, Mount Carbon, or Pottsville, as 
it is now called, situated at the head of the Schuylkill canal, 
has been the principal source of the supply of anthracite. 
Many large veins are worked within three miles of the land- 
ing ; and some have been opened seven miles to the north- 
east, in the direction of the Lehigh beds. The chief veins 
wrought, are, one situated on an eminence adjacent to the 
village ; Bailey’s mine, about two miles from Pottsville, and 
near the turnpike to Lunbury, and on the territory of the 
New-York Schuylkill coal company, about three miles from 
the village. On almost every eminence adjacent to Potts- 
ville, indications of coal are disclosed. The veins general- 
ly run in a north-east direction, with an inclination of about 
45 degrees, and are from three to nine feet in thickness. 
Commencing at or near the surface, they penetrate to an un- _ 
known depth, and can often be traced on hills for a consid- 
erable distance, by sounding, in a north-east or south-west 
direction. Some veins have been wrought to the depth of 
two hundred feet without a necessity of draining ; the inlined 
slate roof shielding them from water. Where the ground 
admits, it is considered the best mode of working veins to 
commence at the back of a coal eminence, or as low as pos- 
sible, and work up, filling the excavation with slate and fine 
coal, leaving a horizontal passage for the coal barrows. A 
section of a wide vein near Pottsville has been wrought by 
this mode several hundred feet into the hill. he same vein 
is explored from parts of the summit by vertical and inclined 
shafts. The coal and slate handled, are raised by horse pow- 
er, in waggons by a railway that has the inclination of the 
vein. Veins of coal alternate with gray wacke slate in the 
hill. Vegetable impressions sometimes occur in the argilla- 
ceous schist that forms the roof of the Pottsville coal veins. 
that coal beds, from forty to one hundred and fifty yards in 
width, are there indicated by coal slate ; good coal is found in 
sounding between the layers of slate; but they have not 
been much explored ; in one or two places veins in vertical 
and horizontal position occur ; but they have generally, on 
the lands of the company, the usual inclination and direction. 
About three hundred men are employed by this company. _ 
