Neweliian Sphere: 105 
Descriptionof the Newellian Sphgre.—T he frame work con= 
sists of three large circles of mahogany, « of spat 6 3 feet. i in diam- 
eter, m of an ar- 
millary, and supported upon a standard in pe a manner 
that two of them are vertical and one horizontal. In the 
common center of these circles the sun is placed. The plane 
of one of these vertical circles represents the ecliptic, or the 
plane of the orbit in which the earth moves in its revolution 
around the sun. The circle itself is faced with brass, on 
which the graduations of longitude, of the zodiacal signs, 
and of the months and days of the year, are accurately en- 
graved. The other two circles, cutting the ecliptic at points 
90° distant, may be considered as colures, the vertical pass= 
ing through the solstitial, and the horizontal through the 
eptnocsial points of the ecliptic. Joining the intersections 
the two latter circles, is a horizontal metallic rod, support- 
the sun in its center, itself forming the axis, and its ex- 
tremities the poles of the ecliptic. On this axis, and sup- 
called the annual circle. In this circle are two metallic 
braces, like two equal and parallel cords, at right angles to 
the axis. On one side of the axis, and supported between 
two circles, or wheels, placed opposite, in the braces, is a ie 
restrial three inch globe, representing the earth, with its axis 
inclined at the requisite angle to the ecliptic plane. The « cir- 
cumference of one of these wheels is geared, through the in- 
another 
equal wheel, firmly fixed and stationary upon the axis. 
is contrivance, the earth, when carried around the 
sun by th e revolution of the annual circle, has the paraiiciien 
its axis, or its uniform inclination to the-ecliptic, preserved 
in all points of its orbit. Without, and near to the annual 
circle on the north side, isa wheel of 14 inches diameter, 
stationary upon the main axis. This we shall call 
tie wheel. A small pinion attached to the — limb of 
the annual circle, rans on the circumference of this wheel, 
‘and. describes the circumference in a tropical year, carrying 
with it the annual circle, with the earth which it contains. 
Motion is communicated to the pinion last mentioned, by w 
train of wheels reaching to the main axis, when ac rank or 
time-piece operates at its arctic extremity. The rotation of 
the earth or its revolution about its axis, is produced by 4 
VOL. XIL.—=NO. 14 
