Experiments in Boring for Fresh Water. “™" 139 
the depth of 450 feet, when the work was suspended, to be 
again resumed. 
7. Hudson, 70 feet above the river. Began to bore May, 
1825; went down 144 feet through clay, 40 feet sand, 30 
hard pan, and gravel 4; then struck a vein of water, which 
rose 17 feet—then through 70 feet of slate, and the work 
still going on in Noy. 1826. 
**8. Northside of the Raritan, halfa mile from New-Bruns- 
wick ; 80 feet above the level of the Raritan. Began in 
1825, in the bottom of a well that was 48 feet deep, and quite 
ty ; 60 feet of red shell; struck a vein of water which gave. 
eight feet water to the well; indications. of coal; red shell, 
and now and then thin strata of gray wacke, to the depth of 
250 feet, when water came above the surface, discharging 
“9. Albany.. Began May, 1825. Boyd & M’Culloch, 
Brewers. Level 20 feet above the Hudson, Began in a 30 
feet well; 11 feet of coarse gravel and hardpan ; 41 feet 
black slate rock ; very little water until after passing a depth 
of 200 feet of same rock; struck several small veins. At 
250 feet encountered inflammable gas. Now 280 feet deep, 
and water within four feet of the surface. 
“10. Albany. Water Works Company. Began in Au- 
gust, 1525. Twenty feet of clay, sand, and gravel; 17 feet 
hardpan ; struck a vein of water which instantly overflowed 
_ at the surface, at the rate of five gallons a minute. The di- 
ameter of the bored hole of this spring was eight inches, 
whereas all the previous ones were from two and a half to 
two and three-quarter inches in diameter. 
“11. The same Company are now boring back of the Cap- 
itol, in Albany, on very high ground, and are now at the 
depth of 120 feet in hardpan. 
“12, New-York. Manhattan Company. Began Sept. 
1825. Level 40 feet above the Hudson. Bored 40 feet in 
sand and gravel ; 60 feet in hard granite; from that depth 
to 240 feet, occasional veins of water ; increasing in quantity 
as the depth increases; water, when a tube is introduced, 
now within 30 feet of the surface; discharges 12 gallons a 
minute, by means of a pump. When down to the depth of 
