62 PEAOOOE. 



outer one, which is, as it were, partially eclipsed by a large eye, 

 whose ground-colour is yellowish buff, and within whose orbit are 

 marks of black and purple red, with a border of blue spots, and three 

 pale blue specks, followed by two others outside it. It is much in the 

 form of the handle of "Charles's Wain," the always well-known con- 

 stellation that guides the traveller by shewing him unerringly the north, 

 a beacon which, as the church spire points upwards to raise the mind 

 towards Heaven for the journey thither, directs by a downward 

 indication the earthly pilgrimage of many a benighted wanderer both 

 by sea and land. "God is great," says the Moslem, and verily the 

 Musselman speaks true in his saying. Great He is, in the stars of 

 Heaven, those unknown worlds of illimitable space, and great, equally 

 great, in the beautiful though humble insect before us. 



The outer margin of the wings is brown, and their front edge is 

 striated on the inner half with streaks of dark yellowish and black. 



The hind wings are also reddish brown on the central and hinder 

 parts of their surface; the base being brown, studded with innumerable 

 specks of yellow dust, and the outside border brown: near the outer 

 corner is a very large eye surrounded with a colour which approaches 

 more nearly to white than any other, and it is bounded on its inside 

 with blackish brown. The eye itself is black, with five blue specks 

 in it — two, two, and one. 



Underneath, the fore wings are dark brown, streaked across with an 

 infinity of darker marks, some wider, some narrower, and some of 

 deeper shades than others. 



The hind wings are of a darker ground-colour than the fore ones, 

 striated in the same way, and across their centre is one large waved 

 bar formed by dark edges, and in its centre an obscure yellowish white 

 dot. 



The caterpillar is gregarious in its habits, black, spined, spotted with 

 white, and the hind legs are red. 



The chrysalis is indented, of a greenish colour, and dotted with gold. 

 It remains exactly a fortnight before the butterfly "comes out." 



