28 SALMON AXD TEOUT IN ALASKA. 



This section is also frequented by cohos, steelheads, and an occasional 

 king. Humpbacks spawn mainly in the lower river. The Yes Bay 

 hatchery is located on the section of the river immediately above 

 the lake. 



The trap maintained at the foot of Yes Lake July 18 to 21 and 

 August 5 to 26, 1905, made no catch of migrating fry or yearlings. 

 It was evident that the migration was entirely over at that time. A 

 trap of the same kind installed during the spring of 1907 at the same 

 point made hea^y catches of young, but at the time of writing this 

 report the material has not been specifically identified. Most of the 

 data regarding the summer residence of yoimg in the lake were 

 drawn from observations in this locality. 



KARLUK RIVER. 

 SUITABILITY AS A SPAWNING STREAM. 



The Karluk River is a much larger stream than the Xaha." It is 

 about 20 miles in length and several times the volume of the Xaha. 

 The lower course is one continual rapid, but presents no falls to 

 obkruct the ascent of the fish. The upper course is of moderate 

 current and affords excellent spawning ground, while in addition 

 there are many sloughs to act as nursery ponds for the young. The 

 lake is estimated to be 8 miles in length and 2 in width, depth unknown; 

 two much smaller lakes are tributary to the main body. There are 

 numerous small streams entering the main lake, some of which, as 

 the outlets of the tributary lakes, are of considerable length and 

 suitable for spawTung ground, while others are swift mountain tor- 

 rents with rough beds which offer but small areas for the fish. The 

 shores of the lakes also are utilized for spa%\Tiing. The river proper 

 falls into a lagoon some 2 miles in length, into which the salt water 

 flows from about half tide, so that it is largely brackish. The outlet 

 of this lagoon to the sea is narrow and gives rise to strong currents 

 in each direction somewhat as in the Xaha. Xear the head of the 

 lagoon is located the Karluk hatchery. The Karluk River has been 

 good for an annual output of about 2,000,000 sockeyes, besides small 

 runs of king and coho and occasional large runs of humpbacks. 



MOVEMENTS OF YOUNG SALMON AS SHOWN BY TRIAL CATCHES. 



The least inconvenient means of access to Karluk Lake is by portage 

 from Larsens Cove, Uyak Bay, to Xicolai's barabara, a trip of 5 

 miles; thence by river, too shallow for a boat and too deep for good 

 walking, 6 miles more to the lake. The labor required to bring to 

 the lake the necessaries of life, and the consequent lack of scientific 



«A full description, by Dr. Tarleton H. Bean, may be found in Bulletin U. S, 

 Fish Commission, vol. ix, 1889, p. 165 et seq. 



