SALMON AND TROUT IN ALASKA. 49 



pools in wh cli large numbers of fry were imprisoned. The tempera- 

 ture in these pools was much higher than in the stream, and in many 

 cases the water had evaporated, leaving the fry to die. All of them 

 were swept out by the first rise. 



At Karluk, August 29, 1903, in a small stream tributary to the 

 small lake east of the main lake, Spaulding noted the occurrence of 

 fry imprisoned in the same manner. From the date and place it is 

 believed that these were trout fry. No examples were preserved. 

 Small fmgerlings and fry of trout may be seen during the late summer 

 almost as widely distributed as the coho. 



So far as observed the food of the trout fingerling is insects. The 

 observations were made on July 11 in a pool about 6 to 18 inches deep 

 at the foot of the fall in Flume Creek, where numbers of both trout 

 and coho young fingerlings were resident for several weeks. The coho 

 were schooling near the surface ; the trout inclined rather to scatter and 

 occupy the bottom. One trout was observed to take a position on a 

 rock, from which it would dart for food to either side and forward for 

 some 20 inches, returning each time to the same resting place. During 

 the eight or ten minutes it was observed, it made over twenty trips, 

 once attacking and driving away a brother fingerling that tried to 

 take a place upstream a.nd cut off the food supply. The trout rarely 

 came to the surface, striking mostly at submerged drifting particles. 

 Upon return to the pool two hours later the fingerling was found to 

 be gone. 



The fry of the cliarr occur in very much smaller number. A slight 

 migratory movement was noted in Steelhead Creek in 1904. Two 

 were taken in the trap May 29, 16 on June 5, and on the 13th 30, the 

 last observed. Their habit is to burrow in the gravel in the small 

 streams. In these places their protective coloration and agility 

 permit them readily to elude observation. No notes were made on 

 the food of these young. 



Fingerlings of all sizes of trout and charr were taken in the trap 

 at various times, but no indication of any migratory movement 

 appeared. Both species pass indifferently to and from salt water. 

 The seaward movement of the fry is uncpiestionable, but individuals 

 that remain in the streams after the fry period are doubtless governed 

 only by convenience in obtaining protection and food. In the pools 

 called Trout Ponds on Trail Creek only cutthroats and charrs were 

 taken with a hook. These never exceeded a certain size, about 8 

 inches, though both male and female ripe cutthroats were taken May 

 30. In the brook below larger individuals were taken, a ripe female 

 cutthroat being secured April 25. No steelheads were noted in Trail 

 Creek, but a few trout fry may be found there. In Steelhead Creek 

 only rainbow and Dolly Varden trout are taken below the falls, but 



