80 American Fisheries Society 



great extent. In a few universities we have had this sort of contact, but 

 only in a few of our states up to the present. We must, therefore, train 

 a much larger body of men for fisheries work before we can begin to 

 meet the demand, and in the meantime we should get in touch with the 

 biologists, wherever we can find them, and get out of them all we can. 



Mr. Charles O. Hayford, Hackettstown, N. J. : Two years ago Pro- 

 fessor Foster and I carried out some experiments in fish culture, he 

 attending to the scientific side of it and I to the practical side. We 

 decided that he was to be my student in the practical work and I was 

 to be his in the scientific work. When Professor Foster would see any 

 of the employees handling the fry roughly, he would take one of these 

 little fish, put it under the microscope, and show the man just what he 

 was doing. In a year's time we had a different crew of men as a result 

 of pursuing this method, and there was a great difference in their work. 

 We had one man there who spoke of the scientific man as the "long- 

 haired fellow." We could not seem to get him started so far as the 

 application of the scientific to the practical was concerned. One day 

 Professor Foster came along and saw a toad sitting in a concrete pool. 

 He called the fellow there and said to him : "I want to show you some- 

 thing in the way of protective coloration; that toad is of the same color 

 as the concrete." Do you know that one thing got that fellow; it made 

 him look at it in a new light. He commenced to notice that the dark 

 fish frequented the dark, shaded parts of the pond and the fish of light 

 color the lighter places, and so on. Well, today that man is the most 

 careful we have in the hatchery, and he cannot sign his own name. 



Mr. S. P. Whiteway, St. John's Newfoundland: Mr. President, with 

 your permission and that of the gentlemen present I should like to add 

 a word on the subject of the practical as well as the scientific man. 



The staple industry of Newfoundland is her fisheries, especially the 

 cod fishery ; but we have often found to our cost that a large catch is 

 almost as much in the nature of a calamity as a small one, the cause 

 of which is that we are virtually marketing our whole catch in the same 

 way now as we did centuries ago. We are, therefore, now contemplating 

 not only a better cure for fish marketed in the usual way, but also the 

 marketing of a portion of the catch by some more scientific method of 

 cold storage. Hence, Newfoundland is in search of some practical 

 scientist along these and other lines ; and as I am now in the presence 

 of the greatest experts in connection with the fisheries of the United 

 States and Canada, I should like to make that fact known, as it may 

 lead to our securing the right man to become the general superintendent 

 of the Newfoundland fisheries. 



The practical man we have with us already. His opportunity came 

 and was availed of in 1908, when we had one of the largest catches of 

 cod on record ; partly for this reason and . partly because the capitalist 

 having lost much money the previous year owing to a bad cure and a 

 "slump" in the markets and must needs be reimbursed, the price fell 

 from $5 per cwt. to $1.50. This was a fell blow to the fishermen. 



