116 American Fisheries Society 



neries of Maine. These plants prepared what might almost be termed 

 a paste which the farmers would take in this shape and put on their 

 fields. These plants really did little more than extract the oil from the 

 material, and did that very crudely. But I hope that this cheaper 

 machine for the handling of small quantities of scrap will be found to 

 be practical, because even out on the Pacific coast we have considerable 

 glue in the scrap and most of the plants are experiencing trouble in 

 handling it. 



Mr. William F. Wells^ Albany, N. Y. : There is another aspect of 

 this discussion which is of interest to those who are troubled with the 

 question of preventing the pollution of streams and waters. Perhaps 

 in the particular cases spoken of, disposal of waste material was more 

 important than the question of pollution. It is true, however, with 

 other waste products if not in the case of fish products, in which these 

 same questions have been raised, that a solution of the problem of 

 waste disposal will go a long way toward preventing conditions which 

 have an important bearing upon the fishing industries. The pollution of 

 waters, due to the discharge of organic wastes, which we have much 

 difficulty in reducing with profit, is causing a great deal of damage and 

 we must face the question of preventing negative profits or losses. 

 In other words, looking at it from the point of view of pollution, we 

 have to admit that even though we cannot reduce some of these materi- 

 als with a profit, it may be necessary to ask certain industries to suffer 

 a loss in order to obviate an even greater loss to the fishing industries. 



Mr. Radcliffe: I have in mind the case of a plant which was 

 dumping from twenty to thirty tons of waste in one day. This plant 

 is located in a city ; they have only a short season, and they may be 

 getting large quantities of waste one week and none the next. In another 

 case, prior to taking up the question of manufacturing shrimp meal for 

 the canneries, a plant was paying $15 a day for the services of men 

 to dig holes in the ground to bury the waste. Today that manufacturer 

 is producing from the waste a product for which he is asking about 

 $85 a ton. 



Mr. Wells : I would like to mention a law prohibiting the dis- 

 charge of all wastes except the refuse from menhaden factories. When 

 the fishing industries go to the legislature and ask for a law to prevent 

 everybody else from putting waste into the waters and specifically omit 

 the waste they themselves are producing, it does not seem very consist- 

 ent, and, naturally, is not convincing. 



Mr. Charles O. Hayford, Hackettstown, N. J. : I would like to 

 ask Mr. Radcliffe whether shrimp meal can be procured in other than 

 comparatively small quantities. Recently, Professor Embody advocated 

 the use of this shrimp meal. Now, in our hatchery we are using sheep's 

 plucks, beef melts, pig melts, beef livers and butterfish. We find that 

 if we mix these feeds somewhat as the age of the fish advances, giving 

 them different combinations from time to time, we get a much hardier 

 and more contented fish. Professor Embody advocates the use of this 



