Ward. — Migration of the Sockeye Salmon 405 



at the time when the fish had evidently just stopped turning 

 into Saint Anne Creek they were just beginning to locate on 

 the spawning grounds at the head of Lake Klutina. We were 

 exceedingly fortunate in having made by chance our visits to 

 these places at the time when the shift was taking place. Ac- 

 cording to our observations, then, one may provisionally state 

 the movement of the fish through this section in the following 

 brief form : Those red salmon which, coming up the Klutina 

 River, follow along the left' bank of Lake Klutina (the outside 

 of the crescent), turn first into Saint Anne Creek and only 

 later, when the lessened volume of that stream and its rising 

 temperature fail to bring them under the influence of a direc- 

 tive stimulus, do they pass towards the head of the lake, 

 where they meet stimuli attracting them to the spawning 

 grounds in that region. 



In the selection of spawning grounds temperature also 

 appears to play an important part. A single illustration will 

 suffice here to show the general conditions which I have dis- 

 cussed more fully elsewhere. At the head of Lake Klutina 

 a series of low, irregular projections of the shore create a 

 succession of small inlets or sloughs. These are highly vari- 

 able in form and size. They resemble each other in physical 

 conditions as far as these are discernible by the eye. They 

 are not separated from each other by any considerable dis- 

 tance, and there is no physical barrier which would direct 

 the fish towards one rather than another, unless it be the cur- 

 rent coming from numerous small channels of the rivers 

 emptying into the lake at this end. However, these channels 

 and their currents are related to the sloughs in variable fashion 

 so that it was not easy to detect any constant difference in 

 the influence that they might exert upon the situation. 



In some of the sloughs red salmon were spawning or build- 

 ing nests. In others there was no trace of fish at the present 

 time and no evidence that they had frequented the spot previ- 

 ously. Along this bluntly rounded end of the lake the tern- 



