Proceedings Forty-eighth Annual Meeting 105 



is about the average supply, but that can be determined by local 

 conditions. The working of the riffles will suggest the proper 

 amount of water to be used for good results. 



Discussion. 



In answer to questions, Mr. Leach explained that the fish were some- 

 times placed in the pond before they are large enough to require feeding 

 and that 35,000 to 40,000 fingerlings, up to four and a half inches long, can 

 be carried successfully where before not more than 5,000 could be handled. 

 At night the pond is allowed to fill and in the morning is drawn down so that 

 the fish distribute themselves over the various riffles. 



Secretary Titcomb: The fish culturists here know well enough that a 

 fifty foot pond five feet wide should be able to carry more than 5,000 fry to 

 start with. Mr. Seagle, who is one of our most ingenious fish culturists, has 

 overcome a condition of the water in which he was able to carry only 5,000. 

 I think the very idea he has used is something we should experiment with in 

 all our ponds. Perhaps the ponds in which we now carry 35,000 may be made 

 to carry 100,000 or more. While he has overcome a local condition, the 

 suggestion may be just as valuable for all of us to consider. 



Mr. Leach: That is the idea. It would seem that many stations could 

 increase their carrying capacity or conserve their water supply. 



Mr. DeRocher: The device is a very good one, but I would suggest a 

 change in the outlet of the pond. The drain should be arranged to come 

 down flush with the end of the pond, thus avoiding dead water pockets 

 which give a chance for sediment and waste to collect. 



Mr. Leach: The criticism is a good one. I would prefer the outlet 

 so placed. 



The Shad Outlook. 



BY MR. J. P. SNYDER, 



Cape Vincent, N. Y. 



The paper read by Mr. Snyder, with a digest of the discussion 

 which followed, appears in this number of the Transactions 

 at p. 113. 



The Development of Fresh Water Mussels and Their Culture. 



BY DR. ARTHUR DAY HOWARD, 



U. S. Bureau of Fisheries Biological Station, Fairport, Iowa. 

 (Read by Dr. Raymond C. Osburn.) 



This valuable paper has not yet been published. 



The session adjourned. 



