144 American Fisheries Society 



taken not to allow the tops of the sedge to be submerged. A safe 

 rule is to lay the sod so the top of the dirt is a little above the water 

 surface and maintain this level for about a month or until the 

 sedge becomes attached. 



Where the sedge is not available close at hand the stolons 

 may be collected or purchased and shipped to any point desired. 

 By gathering the stolons and transplanting them to the inside 

 border of the base formed by wave action, care being taken not to 

 allow the tops to be submerged, a very satisfactory growth may 

 be obtained the first year. The result will, however, be propor- 

 tionate to the care with which the stolons are planted and given 

 opportunity to take root. The tops should not be allowed to hang 

 in the water or the water to be quickly raised, thus disturbing the 

 plants before they become established, as the sedge must have air 

 above the water and will be killed out by submerging. By planting 

 the shoots 3 inches apart a good stand should be obtained the 

 first season and 6 inches apart gives a satisfactory stand, while 

 one foot apart is the maximum distance that should be attempted. 

 The stolons should be obtained for planting during May and June 

 to allow as long a growing period as possible the first season. Any 

 man familiar with setting out plants can do the work. 



When the sedge is -being introduced it is recommended that one 

 entire pond border subjected to the greatest wave action be 

 planted, the plantings being made reasonably close together to 

 provide necessary protection as quickly as possible. As stated, 

 the transplanting of sod is best because immediate results are 

 obtained, but the planting of stolons is cheaper and when care- 

 fully done is very satisfactory. 



When a new pond is completed and the water is turned into it, 

 as it overflows, the wave action indicates the water line immedi- 

 ately by cutting a level base into the embankment around the 

 pond. The prevailing direction of the wind determines the par- 

 ticular point of excessive wave action and if the wind is high 

 much damage is done. Therefore, immediate protection must be 

 provided new embankments until permanent methods are installed 

 and a hastily constructed "boom" will meet the emergency 

 effectively. This can be made of 2 x 4's, boards, timbers, old 

 cross-ties or other available buoyant material, by attaching them 

 end to end at a distance of a few inches apart by means of staples 



