Prince. — Territorial Waters 183 



NO THREE-MILE LIMIT ON INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY WATERS, 

 GREAT LAKES, ETC. 



The Great Lakes, though from a legal point of view regarded as 

 "high seas," and so defined by the Supreme Court of the United 

 States, are really wholly territorial, being Canadian on one side 

 of the boundary line and American on the other, a breadth ranging 

 from 5 to 200 miles. The fishermen of one country are prohibited 

 from operating in the waters on the further side of this imaginary 

 line and the fishermen of nations other than the two bordering 

 on the lakes are absolutely excluded altogether. They are in 

 every sense extensive territorial waters separating two great 

 countries. 



In the Gulf of Georgia and Juan de Fuca Straits, Canada 

 and the United States, by the Award of October 21, 1872, each 

 acquired territorial waters on either side of the boundary line ("the 

 line of demarcation between the territories, ' ' the Treaty of 1846 

 expresses it), from one to twenty miles from shore, while by the 

 Award of October 20, 1903, the United States acquired territorial 

 waters on the Alaskan boundary extending from four or five to 

 thirty miles north of the line* extending from Cape Muzon to Cape 

 Chacon; and Canada on the south side of that line acquired 

 territorial waters of forty miles in breadth. 



LARGE TERRITORIAL LIMITS FOR SPECIAL FISHERIES. 



There are numerous instances where a special industry has 

 required limits far in excess of those generally recognized for 

 ordinary fishing operations, and large limits have been adopted 

 without hesitation. The Russians, for example, reserved for a 

 long time the White Sea for sealing, and in 1911 established a 12- 

 mile limit in that sea or rather in Barents Sea; and Great Britain 

 and Norway, assented to that claim. The line is drawn from Cape 

 Svtoai to Cape Kanin. Norway, in like manner, closed Vanagar 

 Fjord, in order to preserve the supply of whales. Great Britain, 

 Sweden, Norway, Russia, Germany and Holland passed con- 

 current legislation to preserve the Jan Mayen Sealing Industry east 



* The Treaty defines the line as "the line of boundary between the 

 territories." 



