10 



not dilated above; intermaxillaries enlarged behind, 

 forming a more or less deep cavity round the nostrils. 

 Teeth two or four in front of the lower jaw, conical or 

 cylindrical. Cervical vertebrae — first, second, and 

 third united into one mass, which is produced and trun- 

 cated above ; rest thin, free. 



I. Epiodon, Gray, I. c. 327, 340. 



Skull — vomer simple, small ; intermaxillaries elevated, 

 and forming a moderately deep, well-marked basin round 

 the nostrils. Fingers 5 ; carpal bones 6, phalanges 2, 3, 

 4, 3, 3. Sternal bones separate from front, lanceolate. 

 Vertebrae 42, the 11 front caudal with chevron bone. 



1. Epiodon Desmarestii, Gray, I.e. 341. Hab. North 

 Sea and Mediterranean. 



2. Epiodon cryptodon, Burmeister, Ami. ^- Mag. N. 

 H. xvii. 94, t. 5, 6; Anat. Mus. Buenos Ayres, t. 15-21. 

 Hab. Buenos Ayres. 



II. Petrorhynchus, Gray, 1. c. 327, 342. 



Skull trigonal. Vomer swollen, forming a large, elon- 

 gated tubercle between the callous intermaxillaries. In- 

 termaxillaries forming a deep basin round the nostrils. 



1. Petrorhynchus capensis, Gray, 1. c. 316 (figs. 67, 

 68). Ziphius indicus, Van Bene den (fig. 69). Hub. South 

 Seas, Cape Seas. 



Family XIV. ZIPHILDvF. 

 {Ziphiina, Gray, /. c. 327, 348.) 



Skull beaked. Maxillaries not dilated above. Intermaxil- 

 laries linear, rather swollen on the sides of the nos- 

 trils. Teeth on the side of the lower jaw compressed. 



I. Berarditjs, Gray, I. c. 327, 348. 



Teeth 4, in the front of the side of the lower jaw, conical, 

 compressed. Lower jaw gradually tapering in front. 



1. Berardius arnuxi, Gray, I. c. 348 (fig. 70). Hab. 

 New Zealand. 



II. Ziphius, Gray, I. c. 327. 



Teeth 2, in the middle of the side of the lower jaw. 

 Teeth of the male short, truncated at the end; of female 

 small, curved. Lower jaw gradually tapering in front. 



1. Ziphius Sowerbiensis, Gray, I. c. 350. fig. 71 

 (Tab. 5. f. 3, 4, skull). Hab. British Channel, Irish Sea. 



III. Dolichodon, Gray, I. c. 353. 



Teeth 2, in the middle of the side of the lower jaw. 

 Teeth (of male) very long, strap-shaped, produced, arched 

 obliquely, truncated at the end, with a conical process on 

 the front of the terminal edge. 



1. Dolichodon Layardii. Ziphius Layardii, Gray, 

 I. c. 353 (fig. 72) . Hab. Cape of Good Hope. 



IV. Dioplodon, Ch-ay, 1. c. 327, 355. 



Teeth 2 or 4, conical, in the middle of the side of the 

 lower jaw. Lower jaw broad behind, suddenly contracted 

 in front. 



1. Dioplodon sechellensis (T. 5. f. 4), Gray, I. c. 35 "i. 

 Ziphius Sechellensis, T. 6. f. 1, 2, skull. Hab. Seychelles, 

 Mus. Paris. 



This Synopsis is strictly confined to the species of Whales and Dolphins which 1 have been able to 

 examine, compare, and characterize. Sometimes only small portions of the skeletons of the animals have 

 come under my examination ; but the parts so examined have been carefully compared with similar parts 

 of the known species and their distinctness proved before they were inserted in the Synopsis. Unfortunately 

 it is very difficult to obtain even portions of the skeleton of the Cetacea, and one must follow the method 

 of the palaeontologist and establish genera and species on such specimens as one can obtain, waiting for 

 more perfect material to be obtained ; the result of such work has been very satisfactory. 



The number of Cetacea will be very much extended ; for after establishing the species from the 

 examination and comparison of the bones, there will have to be described the species that have similar 

 bones, and yet have very different external characters ; and, if we may judge from the species of the 

 restricted genus Delphinus which have been examined and compared, species so distinguished will be 

 numerous. More than half of the Plates have appeared in the ' Voyage of the Erebus and Terror.' 



The student is referred for more details to the catalogue of ' Seals and Whales in the British Museum,' 

 8vo, 1866. Consult also Professor Lilljeborg on two subfossil Whales discovered in Sweden, Upsala, 

 1867, from Nova Acta Roy. Acad. Scien. of Upsala, vol. vi. 1867, and my paper on the " Geographical 

 Distribution of the Right Whales," Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1868, ser. 4. i. p. 242. 



