Geography of the Himalayah Mountains. 37 



The Rhododendron puniceum, and Pinus deodar a, or Indian 

 larch occur but rarely as yet, except in the highest summits. 

 Different species of Galium, the Kubia munjeet, Hypericum 

 cernuum, Bcrberis angustifbUa, Crataegus integrrfdlia ; the 

 Salvia Janata, Androsace cordifolia, and the first species of 

 Delphinium. The mango ripens nowhere higher than Nairn, 

 although trees of it may be seen a few hundred feet below 

 the summit of the range, which have been reared with care. 

 One species of Olea is also found here indigenous, a fine 

 umbrageous tree, but the fruit is small and of no use. At 

 this level, or perhaps a little higher, I hope the European, 

 a much more valuable species, may ultimately be intro- 

 duced. 



Descending the north-east face of the Jeituh or Darthce 

 range into the bed of the river Julall, we pass over a series 

 of undulating heights, which give to the range viewed from 

 this face a much more rounded and less steep aspect than 

 viewed from the plains it bears. These are often formed by 

 the red indurated clay before mentioned, and in banks of this 

 the bed of the Julall is often deeply cut. Crossing this river 

 we ascend the Sein range, the massive contour and more 

 equable elevation of which marks it as formed of a mineral 

 we have not yet had occasion to notice; the whitish appear- 

 ance of the cliffs, which occasionally display themselves only 

 near the very summits, in the rains beautifully contrasted 

 with the green of a fine pasturage, for which this range seems 

 more favourable than the former, leads even a superficial ob- 

 server to expect limestone; and the similarity between the ex- 

 ternal aspect of the range and those I have seen depicted, 

 formed of the same material, in manv drawings of Grecian 

 scenery, immediately occurred to me. 



The vegetable character of this range does not differ very 

 remarkably from that of the last mentioned ; the loftiest sum- 

 mit in it is perhaps Krol, stated by Captain Hodgson at 7812 

 feet above the level of the sea. It has, however, certain 

 plants peculiar to it, and many of those which are rare, or 

 only beginning to appear on the former, are here in their 

 highest luxuriance. The hot wind of the plains, greatly 

 abated in violence from the shelter given bv that in front, af- 

 fects considerably the temperature of the range during April, 

 May, and part of June, when they prevail. 



