Mr. Foggo on the Echiriodermata of the Frith of Forth. 77 



Hobart Town and at Macquarie Harbour ; so that either of 

 the two formulae which represent the distribution of heat in 

 the northern hemisphere gives for Van Diemen's Land results 

 so correct as to be comprehended within the range of those 

 which have been deduced from observation. 



By comparing the mean temperature of Van Diemen's 

 Land with that of the Cape of Good Hope, as ascertained 

 by many accurate observations reduced by Mr. Colebrooke, 

 we obtain a position for the eastern pole of maximum cold in 

 the southern hemisphere corresponding with the position of 

 the opposite Pole in the northern hemisphere. 



In the letter from Sir Thomas Brisbane which accompa- 

 nies these registers, he promises to transmit to the Royal So- 

 ciety of Edinburgh the registers kept in New Holland, at Para- 

 matta, the seat of government, and also at Sydney ; and he 

 mentions the very remarkable fact, which we believe to be 

 unexampled, that though these two places are distant onlv 

 ten miles, yet their mean annual temperature differs near ten 

 degrees ! Sir Thomas conceives, that the cause of this re- 

 markable fact is local, and that he will be able to give a satis- 

 factory physical explanation of it. D. B. 



Art. XI. — Notice of the Echhiodermata of the Frith of Forth. 

 By Mr. John Fog»o, Junior, Leith. Communicated by 

 the Author. 



Of the echinodermatous Radiaria which inhabit the Frith 

 of Forth, the most frequent are the different species of Aste- 

 rias and Ophiura. The Asteriae are the 



A. glacialis. This species appears to be gregarious, and 

 is very abundant on the sea-shore near the neighbourhood of 

 Leith and Newhaven. I have found some specimens with 

 three rays, and only the rudiments of the other two visible. 



A. rubens and A. papposa. These two species inhabit the 

 Black Rocks near the Martello Tower, where they may be 

 found at all seasons of the year. They are very often thrown 

 ashore by the tides. 



During the storm that occurred here in the second week of 

 October 18^4, a small species was picked up by Mr. R. Pol- 



