Frontier betzoeen Ava and Part of Bengal. 43 



that extends north-north-west from the Blue Mountain, the 

 name of which, if I understood the natives right, is Mein- 

 daun among the Saksah, and Munipahar among the Bengal- 

 ese. This name, however, I suspect is rather applicable, in a 

 general manner, to all the lofty hills in the vicinity, the Blue 

 Mountain rising to between five and six thousand feet perpen- 

 dicular; but at the Karnaphuli the ridge is not above seven 

 hundred feet. 



I shall now trace the course of the Karnaphuli to another 

 great mountain, from the report of a Muhammedan guide, 

 who had been in the country beyond Barkal three times — 

 twice to cut bamboos, and once to kill wild elephants for their 

 teeth. During the four cold months, the former is a common 

 occupation among the Bengalese. They carry small canoes 

 past the waterfalls, and in these embark their provisions. In 

 the distance which the guide went there are three water- 

 falls. The first, named Utanchetri, is two days journey from 

 Barkal ; — the second, named Harinaka duar, (Deer-gate,) is 

 one day's journey farther; — the third is at Hattiyaka Mu, 

 (Elephant's Mouth,) and is a day and a half's journey above 

 the second. Beyond this the guide went half a day's journey, 

 and from some of the reaches could see the great Muin Mura, 

 which is probably a continuation of the mountains that sepa- 

 rate Arakan from Ava. At its bottom the Karnaphuli falls 

 from a high rock, beyond which the Bengalese canoes never 

 attempt to go. This part of the great Muin Mura the guide 

 estimates to be twice the distance from Barkal that the latter 

 is from Sitakaghat. The course of the river winds much ; 

 nor does the guide pretend to know its general direction. 



In this part of its course the Karnaphuli receives no great 

 branch ,• but the largest is at Hattiaka Mu. Between the 

 falls the current is very gentle, and at Hattiaka Mu the body 

 of water is as considerable as at Barkal. The country is in 

 general level, with some hills, however, near Hattiaka Mu ; 

 but during the rainy season a great proportion is inundated, 

 forming jils or temporary lakes. Around these lakes there 

 are immense herds of wild elephants, and the level country is 

 not inhabited, although well fitted for the cultivation of rice ; 

 but the west face of the great Muin Mara is occupied by the 



