FISHES OF THE CONNECTICUT LAKES. 85 
Color, dusky above, sides somewhat silvery, darker above; an obscure dusky 
lateral band passing through eye and around snout. In the breeding season 
bases of ventrals and pectoral, angles of mouth and under mouth very distinctly 
red, the red most distinct in the male; dark lateral stripe also very distinct. 
Distinguished from all other minnows in this region, excepting the two daces, 
by the rather inferior position of the mouth; from the daces by differences 
noted in diagnosis of longnose dace. 
There seems to be no distinctive name for this fish other than the 
above, which is coined to supply the deficiency. The name seems 
properly applicable since the fish is a minnow closely related to the 
chub. 
The recorded range of the species is not very wide: the Great Lakes, 
upper St. Lawrence, northern New York and northern Vermont, 
Maine, and New Brunswick. It probably occurs in many other places 
which more extensive collections will reveal. In this region it was 
almost everywhere common. We collected it in Indian Stream, all 
three Connecticut Lakes and inlets, and in Round and Mud ponds. 
In Round Pond and Third Lake it runs somewhat larger than in First 
and Second lakes, reaching a known length of about 5 inches. 
The chub-minnow feeds chiefly upon animal food, as insects, etc. 
It will also eat small fish; individuals have been found gorged with 
chopped fish and corn meal, which had been used to attract fishes to 
the seine. It seems to be very abundant wherever it occurs, being 
primarily a pond or lake fish, ascending streams in spring and early 
summer to spawn. In some streams, however, it is a permanent resi- 
dent. In this region the spawning season seems to be in the early 
part of July. In Mud Pond Brook, particularly, individuals were 
found in abundance in spawning condition at this time. In the 
spawning season the first runs of fish seem to be mostly males, as is 
the case with smelts; later the runs include both sexes. Many of these 
fish, but particularly the males, linger in the brooks after the spawn- 
ing season, which also seems to be the case with many other species 
of fish. The ascent of streams for the purpose of spawning seems 
to be mainly at night and on cloudy days, when the fish run in schools. 
A small unbaited wire minnow trap took from 50 to 100 in a single 
night. The following is a detailed account of observations upon the 
runs of this species in Mud Pond Brook near the mouth: 
July 2: Thirty-nine caught; many of them showing red markings 
very distinctly. 
July 3 to 5: Trap down 2 nights, took 122, many of the speci- 
mens showing red coloration at base of pectorals and ventrals, and 
at angle of mouth; the dark lateral stripe very distinct. 
July 6 to 7: Trap down 2 nights. Several dozen, all in spawning 
condition. 
July 13 to 15: Trap down 2 nights, contained only 22 specimens, 
most of them spent. The spawning season in this brook seemed to be 
