18 AQUATIC PLANTS IN POND CULTURE. 
The water chestnut (7rapa natans), though fairly good as a food 
Fig. 21.—Water chestnut (Trapa natans). 
uralized in ponds, eastern Massachusetts and 
near Schenectady, N. Y. Native of Europe. 
(After Britton & Brown.) 
producer and for shelter, 
shade, and ornament, is of 
negative value in fish cul- 
ture. 
The lotus (Velumbo lutea) 
is troublesome to the pond 
culturist, having bulbs ex- 
tending 3 feet into the mud 
and being accordingly dif- 
ficult to remove when not 
desired. It is, however, very 
ornamental, good for shade, 
and fairly good for shelter. 
Had it been possible, Mr. 
Green states, he would have 
eradicated from this station 
the waterweed, the water 
chestnut, the fennel-leaved 
pondweed, the duckweeds, 
and the water clover. In 
ponds maintained for angling, however, rather than for propagating 
purposes, these plants should 
not prove undesirable except 
in depths of less than 4 feet; 
though not without due con- 
sideration of local conditions 
should the fennel-leaved 
pondweed and the water 
clover be introduced, owing 
to their dense growth at 
the surface even in deep 
water. 
WYTHEVILLE, VA. 
Here the pond bottoms con- 
sist of a rich loam to a depth 
of 12 inches, and the range 
in water temperature during 
the summer months is from 
70° to 85° F. The following 
list of plants gives the opinion 
of the superintendent, Mr. 
George A. Seagle, as to their 
Fic. 22.—Lotus (Nelumbo lutea). Found locally 
in Ontario and southward to Florida, west to 
Indian Territory, and Louisiana. 
(After Britton & Brown.) 
respective qualities and characteristics. The preceding lists have not 
