THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 105 
planted on a slope that will allow the rain to run away without 
moistening the soil to a depth exceeding an inch or so, they will not 
make so vigorous a growth or bloom so profusely as would be the 
case under more favourable conditions. The principal object in 
planting them on elevated positions is to avoid any risk of the roots 
being injured by an excess of moisture in the soil during the winter, 
and to afford them an opportunity for displaying their lovely flowers 
to the best advantage. Indeed, few rock plants produce when in 
bloom a more beautiful effect than Campanula muralis and OC. gar- 
ganica, for they form fine pendant sheets of the most lovely blue 
flowers. 
The dwarf kinds are all very beautiful, grown in rather deep pans 
or pots, and they can be wintered in a cold frame, or out of doors, 
with the pots or pans plunged in coal ashes or cocoa-nut fibre refuse. 
Pot-culture can be recommended to those who have a limited space 
at their command and no suitable position in which to plant them. 
They are eminently adapted for the alpine house, as they mostly 
bloom in summer after the majority of the occupants of this structure 
are past their best. The pots must be well drained, and the com- 
post moderately rich and friable; a mixture of fibrous loam, leaf- 
mould, small crocks, and sand being in every way suitable. The 
loam should be in the proportion of three parts, the leaf-mould one 
part, and the sand and small crocks, when mixed together in equal 
quantities, one part. A few small pieces of stone laid on the surface 
of the soil will improve the appearance of the plants, without being 
in any way detrimental to their health; but this matter may be left 
to the taste of the cultivator. They may all be propagated by 
division when commencing to grow in the spring; and if it is 
desired to form good specimens as quickly as possible, they must not 
be separated into very small portions. Whether it is desired to 
increase the stock or not, the plants, after they reach a large size, 
must be reduced annually moderately by removing a few of the 
shoots when they are commencing to make new growth, and at the 
same time the ball of soil should be reduced sufficiently for them to 
be returned to pots of the same size, or a little larger, and at the 
same time have a considerable addition of new soil. 
The strong growers produce the best effect when planted at 
intervals along the front of borders filled with delphiniums, phloxes, 
herbaceous lobelias, and other showy herbaceous plants. The exact 
position must be determined by their height; but whether in the 
first, second, or third row, they should be planted with some degree 
of regularity throughout the entire length of the border. Like many 
other hardy herbaceous plants, the most satisfactory growth is made 
by the Campanulas in soils that have in the first instance been deeply 
‘stirred and liberally dressed with leaf-mould or manure. But they 
are less particular as to the character and richness of the soil than the 
majority of their congeners ; and wherever the phloxes and other 
free-growing herbaceous plants are found to thrive, no difficulty will 
be experienced in having campanulas in perfection. When in pots, 
they may be planted out at almost any time ; but when in the open 
border, they should be lifted and replanted in October, or in the 
April. 
