106 THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 
spring prior to their commencing to grow freely. It is an excellent 
plan to lift the stools every second or third year, reduce them a 
little, and after some manure or leaf-mould has been dug in the 
stations, replant in the same position. The trimmings may be 
employed for increasing the stock, if it is so desired. When left 
long in the same siations, and allowed to produce all their flower- 
stems year after year, they decrease considerably in vigour, and, of 
course, are not so effective as more robust specimens. 
Im raising a stock from seed, a beginning should be made in 
April or May, as the seedlings will then have a long season of growth 
before them, and by the autumn will have become so strong that a 
good display of bloom may be expected the following summer. Two 
of the finest kinds, Campanula media calycanthema and 0. pyramidalis 
should be grown as biennials, and the stock renewed annually from 
seed. If the quantity of seed to be sown of each kind is small, the 
best plan would be to sow in pans or boxes, prepared in the usual 
way, and then place them in a cold frame, or in a shady position out 
of doors, and lay pieces of glass over the surface. Otherwise sow 
in beds out of doors. In any case assist the germination of the 
seeds by maintaining the soil in a nice moist state; and when of a 
suitable size, prick the seedlings into nursery beds, and put them 
three inches apart each way. In the autumn, they can be planted 
in their permanent quarters out of doors, or be lifted and put into 
pots, if required for pot culture. The directions for raising seed- 
lings apply with equal force to dwarf and tall growers. 
The two best kinds for pot culture for the decoration of the 
conservatory, have been already mentioned, and as they require 
special management to have them in perfection, it is necessary to 
give a brief outline of their cultural acquirements. 
Campanula media calycanthema has a calyx of the same colour as 
the flower, which gives the appearance of two flowers, one inserted 
within the other. It is much more effective than the old Campanula 
media, commonly known as the Canterbury Bell. The colours are 
the same in both cases. In the autumn the plants should be potted 
up; and if large specimens are required, put three or four in eight- 
inch pots. These will not require a second shift; but if wintered 
in a cold frame, and watered liberally after the commencement of the 
spring season, they will bloom superbly in the course of the summer. 
Campanula pyramidalis should, at the same time as the preceding, 
be put singly into five-inch pots, and be placed in a cold frame for 
the winter. In the spring, plant in a bed of rich soil out of doors ; 
again lift and pot in the autumn and winter in a cold frame. This 
time they are to be potted in eight-inch pots, and in the spring to 
be shifted into other pots, ten or twelve inches in diameter. The 
compost should consist of two parts turfy loam, and one part of 
well-rotted manure. In May or June the Sower-spikes will make 
their appearance, and if assisted with liberal supplies of water, they 
will attain a height of six or seven feet, and bloom nearly through- 
out the entire length. The smallest plants may be left in the 
eight-inch pots, in which they will bloom very satisfactorily. 
It is not desirable in the first instance to purchase too many 
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