180 THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 
paint them over with Gishurst Compound, prepared at the rate of 
eight ounces to the gallon of water. Spirits of turpentine or of tar 
applied to patches of the insect in the course of the summer will most 
effectually destroy them. The spirits should be applied with a small 
hard brush, and care taken to prevent its touching the leaves or young 
shoots, because it will kill the leaves and injure the young bark 
wherever it touches. With a little perseverance trees can be soon 
cleared. The Aphis Wash of the City Soap Company is also very 
effectual in eradicating this pest, if the trees are dressed with it in 
the course of the winter season. 
Aputs.—The Aphis, of which there are some fifteen reputed 
species, are probably the most troublesome of all the insects that 
find their way to the garden. There is hardly a plant upon which 
they will not settle, and they multiply so fast that sometimes as. 
many as twenty generations are produced in the course of the 
season, and according to scientific men, a single female may be the 
ancestor of five millions in the fifth generation. The most destructive 
are the green-fly, Aphis rose, which attacks roses and indoor plants 
generally ; A. prunz, a light green insect, which does much mischief 
to the plum trees; A. fabe, a black fly, which attacks the tops of 
broad beans; and A. cerasi, the black fly, which does so much 
mischief to cherry trees. 
Fumigation is the most effectual remedy for all the aphids, when 
the plants are in frames or houses, but when out-of-doors some 
other means of destroying them must be adopted. To fumigate a 
house or pit effectually without injury to the plants, proceed as 
follows:—Take a flower-pot eight inches in diameter, which has 
previously had a hole made in the side, about an inch or so above 
the bottom. In the bottom of the pot put a few red-hot cinders, 
and to insure the material employed for famigating purposes 
igniting readily, add a handful of brown paper, quite dry, and torn 
into small pieces. When the brown paper commences to burn 
freely, put a little dry tobacco, or tobacco paper, and then add in a 
gradual manner the properly prepared material. The tobacco paper, 
or rag, should be broken up into rather small pieces, and damped 
just sufficiently to prevent its burning too freely and bursting into 
aflame. As soon as the pot is filled and the material well ignited, 
it can be placed in the house, and with very little attention it will 
continue to give off dense clouds of smoke, until nearly the whole 
of the material is consumed. It is most essential the directions 
here given should be strictly followed ; as, for example, if the tobacco 
paper is used too dry it will soon burst into a flame, and the planis 
will be seriously injured; and if the damp material is put upon the 
cinders, it will not burn satisfactorily unless it is continually blown, 
and to remain in a house partly filled with smoke is not pleasant. 
The fumigating pot must be watched from the outside, and the 
material occasionally stirred and be lightly sprinkled with water, for 
the most disastrous results will follow if the material burns through 
and remains without attention for any length of time. The 
structures should, as a rule, be filled so that it is impossible to see 
more than fiften inches or so beyond the glass, and the fumigation 
