232 THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 
structures, because they can be grown very successfully out-of-doors 
during the spring, summer, and autumn, and may be wintered in a 
shed. But to have them in the highest possible perfection, the aid 
of aframe or greenhouse is necessary. 
THE CULTIVATION OF THE ROSE. 
—™\T the first meeting of the Borough of Hackney Horti- 
4) cultural Society, Mr. Shirley Hibberd, in response to 
the invitation of the committee of management, delivered 
a lecture on “ The Cultivation of the Rose,” of which 
we herewith give an abstract. There was a large 
assemblage of members, and the chair was taken by J. Sanderson, 
Esq., for many years president of the Stoke Newington Chrysan- 
themum Society. 
Mr. Hibberd commenced by observing that the rose fairly repre- 
sented the whole of the plants of the rosaceous order in respect of 
growth, and requirements. Some rosaceous plants were trees, in the 
proper sense of the word, others were bushes, and a few, like the 
bramble and the raspberry, might be classed as biennial or annual 
bushes, for they renewed themselves from the root from year to 
year. The rose certainly might be grown as a tree or a bush; and 
it was a fact of no small importance that, although it did not pro- 
duce rods of annual duration like the bramble and the raspberry, yet 
it tended always to renew itself from the root, and that was a point 
of very great importance in considering the proper cultivation of 
the rose. It agreed with the majority of plants of the same order 
in requiring a deep, strong soil, abundance of moisture, full exposure 
to light and air, and a climate strictly temperate, for rosaceous 
plants were scarce both in very hot and very cold climates. As in 
the course of a short address it was impossible to exhaust so large a 
subject, it would be better to discuss few than many points, and 
he would invite his hearers to permit him to base his observations 
on the fact that the rose tends always to renew itself from the roots. 
It might be regarded as a vegetable phcenix, and if that was too 
far away a figure, they might come nearer home, and say that, as a 
plant given to the production of suckers, it might be treated in 
much the same way as the raspberry, and in truth was so treated 
in cases where dwarf roses were systematically pegged down, 
because to grow them well in this way it was necessary tu lay down 
a fresh lot of rods every year, and of course those that had flowered 
were cut away. Now, as regards the methods that prevail (said 
Mr. Hibberd), dwarf roses are grafted or budded on the Manetti or 
Italian brier, and standards are grafted or budded—and for the most 
part budded—on the English brier. In either case, the method of 
putting a rose on foster roots violated the first principle of philo- 
sophical rose-culture, for if we are to be advised by Nature, we 
should encourage and not thwart the natural tendency of the rose 
to renew itself from the root. We are now to put out of view the 
