1818.] their Combinations tcilh Alkalies. 283 



dried into a fat vamish. This precipitated substance, and the 

 fluid which had been separated by the filter, were then examined 

 in succession. 1. The precipitated substance was treated with 

 the hydrochloric (muriatic) acid ; the fatty matter which it 

 yielded was successively subjected, first to the water of barytes, 

 and afterwards to alcohol ; by this process there were obtained 

 an acid fat and a fat which icas not acid. 



The acid fat Avas fusible at about 104° ; it was completely dis- 

 solved by a weak solution of potash. The solution that w r a$ 

 formed contained the margaric and oleic acids ; it deposited a 

 pearly matter, the margaric acid of which was fusible at 122°, 

 but which, after having been treated by the water of potash, , 

 produced an acid which was fusible at 129°. The super-marga- 

 rate which it formed with potash, contained, for every 100 parts 

 of acid, 8' 89 of base : 100 parts of the same acid neutralized 27 

 parts of barytes and 21 of strontian. 



The fat which wds not acid was fusible at 89*5°. It was boiled 

 and digested for 20 hours in the water of potash : there was pro- 

 duced a yellow flexible matter, and a mother-water, which did 

 not contain either any fatty matter or sweet principle. The 

 yellow flexible matter, after being washed in cold water, was 

 melted ; it contained 100 parts of the fatty matter and 4*8 of 

 potash. Being treated with boiling water in a retort, a very 

 small portion was carried into the neck, where it attached itself 

 under the form of a weak jelly, while the greatest part was melted 

 at the surface of the water. The matter which was thus washed 

 contained scarcely any alkali, as was proved by treating it with 

 muriatic acid. The fat was fusible at 86°; when treated first 

 with barytes and afterwards with alcohol, there was obtained a 

 little acid fat, and a white fat which was not acid, fusible at 95°. 

 2. The fluid separated by the filter from the precipitated 

 matter was then examined. This fluid, which was slightly 

 turbid, was rendered completely transparent by being heated": 

 it was decomposed by tartaric acid. The fatty matter thus pro- 

 cured was treated with the water of barytes and with alcohol ; 

 by this process there were obtained an acid fat and a fat which 

 teas not acid. 



The acid fat was fusible at 70°, and completely soluble in the 

 water of potash : it was converted into supef-margarate of 

 potash and oleate of potash. The oleic acid thus obtained was 

 fluid at 59°, it had only a slight odour ; 100 parts of it neutral- 

 ized 27-S parts of barytes and 20v> parts of strontian. The fat 

 which wa» not acid was fusible at b'l°; it was boiled and digested 

 during 20 boors with the water of potash ; a saponaceous mass 

 was obtained which was not separated from the mother-water. 

 This was deprived of the fatty matter, but it still appeared to 

 contain a little of tin- sweet principle. The saponaceous mass, 

 heated with water, did not form a transparent solution, but it 

 produced a fluid in which a portion of pearly, matter was per- 

 ceptible, and which was covered with a pellicle. This fluid 



