206 Mr. Murray on the [Sept. 



tuberculatis, radiis longissimis, tenuibus, supra granulatis ; arti- 

 culis (apicalibus praesertim) distinrtissimis. 



Expansion two feet. Baffin's Bay. Capt. J. Ross. 



Type AMORPHA. 



Class Acelephje. 



The endless variety of this class received were so contracted 

 by the spirit as to render it impossible for me even to guess at 

 the genera to which they belong. Observations on these 

 animals whilst living, accompanied by accurate drawings, are 

 quite necessary to render the preserved specimens of any degree 

 of use ; and it is to be greatly regretted, that no naturalist, capa- 

 ble of performing these indispensable parts of his duties, accom- 

 panied the expedition. 



Article VII. 

 On the American Mode of increasing Heat. By J. Murray, Esq. 



(To Dr. Thomson.) 



SIR, London, June 22, 1819. 



From the account I read of the " American Tar and Water 

 Burner," in the January number of the Annales de Chimie, I but 

 ill understood it ; and M. Gay-Lussac, in his Sceptical Remarks 

 on its Phenomena, seems to combat with a similar difficulty, 

 closing his commentary with remarking, that spirits of turpen- 

 tine heated to some degrees about 212° Fahr. will yield a consi- 

 derable flame, when a current of aqueous vapour or even azote is 

 projected along with it. This celebrated chemist seems at once 

 to deny and admit the fact, but it does appear that the commu- 

 nication to him has been attended with misrepresentation. It 

 was from No. 252 of the Philosophical Magazine that I first 

 gleaned correct information on the subject; and as it tends to 

 solve some phenomena which appear to me inexplicable without 

 it, I shall consider no apology necessary for introducing the 

 question in this place. It appears from M. Samuel Morey's 

 account, that if steam and the vapour of tar, &c. be suffered to 

 escape together through a pipe, that the flame is wonderfully 

 increased, shooting out many hundred times its former bulk, 

 even to an extent of two or three feet. If the vapour of ether 

 and alcohol, &c. be accompanied by steam, I find that the flame 

 is likewise much enlarged. I had noticed also that the jet of 

 condensed oxygen and hydrogen, when flowing from the orifice 

 of the blow-pipe, gave but a very minute flame, so long as the 



