356 M. Berard's Essay on the Analysis [May, 



atom of urea ; the absolute quantity of hydrogen in a given 

 weight of both is equal ; while the absolute quantities of carbon 

 and oxygen in a given weight of sugar are precisely twice 

 those in urea. 



4. Lithic acid is a substance quite distinct from urea in its 

 composition. This fact, the author observes, explains an obser- 

 vation which he has often made, that an excess of urea gene- 

 rally accompanies the phosphoric diathesis, and not the lithic. 

 He informs us that he has several times seen urea so abundant 

 in the urine of a person where the phosphoric diathesis prevailed, 

 as to crystallize spontaneously without being concentrated by 

 evaporation, on the addition of nitric acid. 



We shall not extend our analysis to the second part of the 

 paper, as this is entirely confined to the medical treatment of 

 the diseased states of the urine. 



Abstract of the Essay on the Analysis of Animal Substances. 

 By M. J. E. Berard. Referred to by Dr. Prout. 



M. Berard has lately analyzed a number of animal substances 

 by distilling them with the peroxide of copper, according to the 



method of M 

 he obtained 



Gav-Lussac 



the following- 



are the results which 



M. Berard has observed that the crystallized uric acid is 

 deprived of water, and that 100 parts of this acid neutralize a 

 quantity of base, the oxygen of which is ± of that contained in 

 the acid ; for the analyses of the urates of barytes and potash 

 have yielded 



Uric acid 61-64 100-00 



Barytes 38-36 62-23 



Uric acid 70-11 



Potash 29-89 



100-00 

 42-63 



He draws the following conclusions from his analyses : 

 1. As the uric acid is soluble in a small quantity of potash, 

 we may conceive the possibility of dissolving it in the bladder. 



