< 
38 Extracts from the ** Journal of a Survey toexplore (Jury, 
and the water below is not so rapid as usual, Jhala, village of 
five houses; above Jhala, the country is not at present in- 
habited. 
A fine view up the river, which, for several miles above this, 
flows in a more expanded bed in a narrow valley; the feet of the 
mountains bounding it are less steep, and are clothed with 
cedars. Good path along sand and pebbles in the river’s bed, 
the current of which more gentle though very swift. The bed is 
about 600 yards wide, and will be overflowed when the river is 
at its height. Lower line of snow generally 2000 feet above the 
river, though several avalanches reach down toits margin. The 
air is very cold. 
We have now turned the snowy range, seen from the plains, 
and brought it to our right; the march from Dangal to Suci, and 
on to this place, may be considered as in that gorge of the 
Himalaya through which the river forces its way to the foot of 
those mountains of the second order, which are the beginning of 
the spurs of the grand range. We have now the great snowy 
peaks on both sides of the river, and it is henceforward bounded 
by them. Those to the right are visible from Hindustan; those 
across the river, or to our left, are not visible from the plains, 
being hid by the southern ridges. The line of the outlet of the 
river is very perceptible from the plains, and the Sricanta peak, 
the western foot of which it washes here, is conspicuous from 
Seharanpur and the Doab. From hence onward, the course of 
the Ganges is to be considered as being within the Himalaya 
differing from the Jumna, inasmuch as that the source of the 
latter river is at the south west feet of the snowy peaks seen 
from Seharanpur, and not within the Himalaya. 
Pleasant and level; a snowy peak towards Barrasah shows 
itself up the Soan Gadh: it is called Dumdara, and is very white 
with snow : mouth of the Soan Gadh 322°. Down its bed the 
plunderers from Barrasah and the western districts of Rawaien 
penetrate in the latter end of the rains. As faras Barrasah, the 
country is uninhabited for six days’ journey, except at Leuh- 
anch Gong, which is three coss on this side of Barrasah. 
hose districts are on the Tonse river, and are the seat of nume- 
rous gangs of plunderers and murderers who much infest this 
part of the country. 
Descent to the bed of the Ganges, and cross the Til Ghar, a 
large torrent which falls in a most beautiful and picturesque cas- 
cade of 80 or 100 feet over a rock, bordered and shaded by high 
feathery pines and spreading cedars. Flat, over sand and peb- 
bles of the river, bed here expanded. 
On our return we halted at this place to take the altitude of 
two very sharp snowy peaks, which now appeared to the south, 
or to ourright. We measured carefully with the chaina base of 
165 feet, which was the greatest extent of level ground to be 
found ; with this base we found a longer line of 1568 feet, and 
