1822.] the Sources of the Rivers Ganges and Jumna.” 47 
tically sealed ; and these should be carefully packed in separate 
cases of copper or wood lined with flannel, and the scale down- 
wards should go to 13 inches. The scale of these barometers 
only reaches to 19 inches. In instrumeuts intended for India, 
solidity should be considered ; we want those which will do their 
work effectually, and are not anxious that they should be smadd 
and easily portable, as we can always here find means of carrying 
them. The mean height of tie column by such observations as 
I thought most to be depended on is 20 in. 837’; the tempera- 
tures of the air and mercury being 75° and 65°. From which 
the height of Gangautri above the sea, is, calculated by 
Feet. 
M. Raymond’s method. .......... 10319:4 
Dr. Hutton’s method ............ 10306°6 
Latitude observed May 27 and 28, 1817. 
By me, reflecting circle, alternate faces, mean 
by A and B. Librass oo v0.0 00 2060 cies s 05 30° 59’ 29” 
Large sextant by Berge. Lieut. Herbert, four 
SM PAME MI ha, i: tg YS Si ayol afin suid a. wpe chy h bh nel oie 30°5 
By me, reflecting circle, eight circummeridional 
altitudes of spica, being 24 indexes, on alter- 
nate faces ....... sheet eh aiads 5 hs a Ma 27'1 
eee 
Mean latitude of Gangautri.............5 as 30°59°30°5 
These were good observations, and refraction is allowed on 
the altitudes, according to the barometer and thermometer; and 
all other corrections for precession, aberration, nutation, &c. are 
applied as usual. 
The pole star could not be seen on account of the height of 
the cliffs, nor any star to the south lower than those observed. 
The same cause most unfortunately prevented our being able to 
observe any eclipses of Jupiter’s satellites here, or the occultation 
of the star + libra by the moon, and I was sorry to find that my 
chronometers could not be depended on to show the difference 
of longitude in time. Though they are of the best kind, and 
hung in gimbals, no method of carriage that I had then adopted 
coulda prevent them feeling the effects of the short and conti- 
nually repeated jerks they received from the uneven steps which 
the man who carried them on his back was obliged to make. 
Nothing, except a staff, can be conveniently carried in the hands, 
as they are so frequently employed in assisting the feet in diffi- 
cult places. : 
_ The mean breadth of the Ganges at Gangotri was (measured 
by the chain) 43 feet, depth 18 inches, and nearly the same 
depth at the sides as in the middle: the current very swift, and 
over large rounded stones. This was on the 26th May; the 
stream was then in one channel, but the effect of the sun in 
