: a inhumed, and the very remarkable phenomena with whi 
eee te attended ; to review the- general inferences to which 
134 Kev. Mr. Buckland’s Account of Fossil Teeth and {Ave.. 
in which the cavern alluded to is situated ; to proceed, in the 
next place, to a description of the cavern itself ; then to enter 
into that which will form the most important part of this com- 
raunication, a particular enumeration of the animal remains there 
aie: 
phenomena lead ; and conclude with a brief con arative 
of analogous animal deposits in other parts of this d co 
the Continent. + 
Kirkdale is situated about 25 miles NNE. of the. cit , 
between Helmsley and Kirby Moorside, near the point at witch. 
the east base of the Hambleton hills, looking towards Scarbo-. 
rough, subsides into the vale of Pickering, and on the 8. See 
mity of the mountainous district known. by the name . 
Eastern.and the Cleveland Moorlands. h4 fe 
The substratum of this valley of Pickering is a mass: of t 
fied blue clay, identical with that which. at Oxford and V 
mouth reposes.on a similar limestone to that of ae 
containing subordinately beds of inflammable bituminous ‘sha Gos 
like that of Kimeridge, in Dorsetshire. Its south boundary is 
formed by the Howardian hills, and by the elevated escarpment 
of the chalk that terminates the Wolds towards Scarborough. 
Its north frontier is composed of a belt of limestone, extending 
eastward 30 miles from the Hambleton hills, near Helmsley, to 
the sea at Scarborough, and varying in breadth from four to 
seven miles; this limestone is intersected by a succession of 
deep and parallel valleys (here called dales) through which the 
following rivers from the moorlands pass down southwards to the 
vale of Pickering, viz. the Rye, the Rical, the Hodge Beck, 
the Dove, the Seven Beck, and the Costa ; their united streams 
fall into the Derwent above New Malton, and their only outlet 
is by a deep gorge, extending from near this town down to Kirk- 
ham, the stoppage of which would at once convert the whole 
vale of Pickering into an immense inland lake; and before the 
excavation of which, it is probable, that such a lake existed, 
having its north border nearly along the edge of the belt of lime- 
stone just described, and at no gr reat distance from the mouth of 
the cave at Kirkdale. 
The position of the cave is at the south and lower extremity 
of one of these dales (that of the Rical Beck), at the point where 
it falls into the vale of Pickering, at the distance of about a fur- 
long from the church of Kirkdale, and near the brow of the left 
flank of the valley, close to the road. This flank slopes towards 
the river at an angle of 25°, and the height of the brow of the 
slope above the water may be about 120 feet. (See Pl. XIV. 
fig. 1.) 
“Phe rock perforated by the cave is referable to that portion of 
the oolite formation which, in the south of England, is known by 
the name of the Oxford oolite and coral rag : its organic remains 
