382 Analyses of Books. [Nov. 
onthe compass needle were not caused by the heat itself, inde- 
pendently of the iron, and modestly terminates his communica+ 
tion with the following remarks : 
« The only probable explanation which I can offer by way of 
accounting for these anomalies is, that the iron cooling faster 
towards its extremities than towards its centre, a part of the bar 
will become magnetic before the other part, and thereby cause a 
different species of attraction; but I must acknowledge that this 
will not satisfactorily explain all the observed phenomena. The 
results, however, are stated precisely as they were noted down 
during the experiments, and others more competent than myself 
will probably be able to deduce the ty) of them.” 
_ XV. Observations for ascertaining the Length of the Pendulum 
at Madras in the East Indies, Lat. 18° 4’ 9:1” N, with the Con- 
clusions drawn from the Same. By John Goldingham, Esq. 
FRS. 
The pendulum and accompanying apparatus, with which these 
observations were made, were precisely the same, in all their 
parts, as those used by Capt. Kater at the different stations in 
the trigonometrical survey of England, and which have been 
described in the Philosophical Transactions for 1819: The 
results obtained with them were as follows: 
By the first series of observations, the length of the seconds 
pendulum at Madras was 39-026323087 inches ; by the second 
series, 39°026280447 inches. 
“The mean of both is 39:026502 inches, being, according to 
Sir George Shuckburgh’s scale, the length of the seconds. pen- 
dulum by these experiments at Madras in lat. 13° 4’ 9°1” N, at 
the level of the sea, in vacuo, and at a temperature of 70° of 
Fahrenheit.” 
“Then comparing this length with 39:142213 inches, the 
length in latitude 51° 31’ 8:4” N. as before stated, the diminu- 
tion of gravity from the pole to the equator will be -0052894, 
and the ellipticity => nearly.” 
XVI. Account of an Assemblage of Fossil Teeth and Bones 
discovered in a Cave at Kirkdale, in Yorkshire. By the Rev. 
W. Buckland, Professor of Geology in the University of Oxford, 
&e. Xe. 
This highly interesting paper has already appeared in the 
Annals. 
XVITL. Communication of a curious Appearance lately observed 
upon the Moon. By the Rev. Fearon Failows. (In a Letter 
addressed to John Barrow, Esq. PRS.) 
Mr. Fallows, who is the astronomer at the new observator 
founded at the Cape of Good Hope, observed on Nov. 28, 1821, 
a whitish spot on the dark part of the moon’s limb, sufficiently 
luminous to be seen with the naked eye, and which now and 
then seemed to flash with considerable lustre. When examined 
