1824.] 



Mr. Gray on Papilionida. 



119 



absence of these two acids in any sensible quantity, and still 

 further confirming the results as before obtained. 



In this manner the three following results, selected from a 

 variety of others of a similar nature, were obtained. 



Muriatic acid in union with a fixed alkali* 

 • — — with ammonia .... 



in a free or unsaturated state . 



Total 



No. 1. 

 grs. 



0-12 

 1-56 

 1-59 



3-27 



No. 2. 

 grs. 



0-95 

 0-76 

 2-22 



3-93 



No. 3. 



grs. 



1-71 



0-40 

 2-72 



4-83 



These results then seem to demonstrate, that free, or at least 

 unsaturated muriatic acid in no small quantity exists in the 

 stomach of these animals during the digestive process ; and I 

 have ascertained, in a general manner, that the same is the case 

 in the stomach of the hare, the horse, the calf, and the dog. I 

 have also uniformly found free muriatic acid in great abundance 

 in the acid fluid ejected from the human stomach in severe cases 

 of dyspepsia, as the following examples show. The original 

 quantities of the fluids operated on of course were various, but 

 for the sake of comparison they are reduced, in the following 

 table, to one pint, or 16 fluid ounces, which quantity, in three 

 instances (selected from many others), was found to contain of 



Muriatic acid in union with nfixed alkali , 

 — with ammonia-^ 



in a. free or unsaturated state 



Total 



No. 1. 



grs. 



12-11 

 0-0 

 5-13 



17-24 



No. 2. 

 grs. 



12-0 

 0-0 

 4-63 



No. 3. 



grs. 



11-25 

 5-39 

 4-28 



17-03:20-92 



Article XI. 



On the Arrangement of Papilionida-. By J. E. Gray, MGS. 



(To the Editors of the Annals of Philosophy.) 



GENTLEMEN, July 7, 1824. 



Mr. F. Cuvikr has observed that sufficient attention has not 

 been paid by modern naturalists to the works of Linneus, and 



♦ For the sake of analogy, the clils>rine, in union with the basis of the fi.trd alkali, is 

 reduced in this table and the following to the state of muriatic acid. 



+ I have never in more than one instance (No. .'i, of the above table) been able to 

 detect any sensible quantity of the muriate of ammonia in the fluids ejected from i\\c 

 human stomach ; and upon inquiry of Sir Astley Cooper, who was kind enough to fur- 

 nwh me with the fluid for examination, I was informed that the patient was in tile habit 

 of frequently taking ammonia as a medicine. 



