1826.] North of the Humber, near Cave, 43^ 



flints were very little rubbed. In one of these beds of gravel we 

 observed a seam which bore a remarkably black and sooty 

 appearance ; I examined the powder which occasioned this 

 colour, and which formed a mamillary incrustation on some of 

 the pebbles, and found it to be oxide of manoanese. The method 

 which I employ for detecting the presence of manganese is very 

 simple. To the end of a platina wire I attach a little subcarbo- 

 nate of soda and a particle of the substance to be examined, and 

 hold it in the exterior flame of a candle either just above the 

 luminous point, or on one side ; if manganese be present, the 

 melted bead becomes, on cooling, of a turquois colour ; on 

 immersing it into the visible flame, it loses this colour, and 

 resumes it again when re-exposed to that portion of the flame 

 which emits little light, and where the combustion is perfect. 



Since this paper was written, inquiry has been made of Mr. 

 Smith what his opinion was of the district above described, with- 

 out any communication of the remarks which we had made ; he 

 replied that the sand pits at Newbald were of the Kelloways 

 rock, and the limestone at Sancton of the inferior oolite ; that 

 with respect to the clay under the chalk hills, his observations 

 did not enable him to form a decided opinion. Such a confirm- 

 ation, as to the two former strata, of the views which we have 

 advanced inclines us to place confidence in their accuracy. The 

 principal deficiency in the foregoing account is in regard to the 

 cornbrash, the fossils of which have been discovered at Scarbro' 

 in their proper place; we were unable to find it here, but it may 

 probably exist, as at Scarbro', in a thin bed, and be found here- 

 after between Newbald and Sancton. To future investigators, 

 it will suggest itself also as a proper object of inquiry to fol- 

 low the line of the Kelloways rock across the Humber, and 

 complete the discovery of its course by tracing it through Lin- 

 colnshire. 



Explanatioti of the Plate. 

 Fig. 1. South of Goodmanham, Fig. 3. North Newbald, Kello- 

 chalk upon lias. ways rock. 



a. White chalk. «• I^rown sand and stone. 



b. Red chalk. ^- "^^ite and yellow sand. 



c. Lias clay. ^- ^^ndy slielly blocks. 



d. Stony lias. Fig. 4. EUerker, inferior oolite. 



e. Lias clay. ^^ Sandy beds. 



Fig. 2. EUoughton Dale, chalk />. Irony balls in sand. 



on Kimmeridge clay. c. Oolite in oblique laminae. 



a. White chalk. f^- Oohte with blue " cores." 



h. Red chalk. Fig. 5. North Cliff", lias beds. 



c. Yellow parting. a. Compact lias stone. 1 lying 



d. Kimmeridge clay, with sep- //. Shelly lias. > in 



iaria. c. Thin-bedded lias, j ^'^^y* 



