1821.] Mr. Weaver on Floetz Formations. 359 



from the upper bed of clay that lies between the sandstone and 

 the shell limestone. The salt springs near Sulz der Helden and 

 Sulben, in Lower Saxony, rise also, it is said, from the new red 

 sandstone formation. According to M. Schulze, most of the 

 salt springs with which he is acquainted rise from, or in the 

 vicinity of, the shell limestone ; but their true source is conceived 

 to lie in the red clay marl, from which they have forced their 

 way through the shell limestone. 



Coal. — In Mansfeld, there is no appearance of coal in this 

 formation. But in the forest of Thuringia, traces of coal occur, 

 according to M. Heim, in the bed of clay, which is interposed 

 between the new red sandstone and the shell limestone, both on 

 the Franconian and Thuringian sides of the forest; forming there 

 thin discontinuous layers, scarcely one inch thick, separately 

 considered, but which sometimes coalesce, and thus constitute 

 a bed from one to two feet thick. These layers consist of black 

 shale, with thin streaks of coal, accompanied with iron pyrites, 

 gypsum, and calcareous spar. 



In taking a general view of the distribution and extent of the 

 new red sandstone formation in Germany, M. Freiesleben traces 

 it from Mansfeld into Thuringia, the Hartz, Lower Saxony, 

 Westphalia, Hesse, forest of Thuringia, Franconia, Suabia, 

 Bavaria, and Austria, availing himself on this occasion of the 

 researches of MM. Heim, Jordan, Voigt, Hausmann, Flurl, 8cc. 



The great extent and distribution of the new red sandstone 

 tracts in England may be seen in Mr. Greenough's Geological 

 Map. It is well-known that the principal English deposits of 

 gypsum and rocksalt are found in that formation, as well as the 

 sources of salt springs. And from the detailed observations of 

 Dr. Holland on the Cheshire salt district,* of Mr. Horner on the 

 Droitwich brine springs, y of Mr. Winch on the new red sand- 

 stone of Durham,| an< ^ °f Prof- Buckland on that of Cumber- 

 land and Westmoreland, § beside other publications, we may 

 collect many facts coincident with what have been remarked in 

 the German formations. On the banks of the Teas, the new red 

 sandstone formation is said to be at least 720 feet thick. 



{To be continued.) 



• Geol. Trans, vol. i. + Ibid. vol. ii. 



J Ibid. vol. iv. ^ Ibid. vol. i*. 



ERRATA. 



Page 341 , line 27, for its thickness is variable, read its thickness is very variable. 



344, the two lines placed above the words " Upper Portion'" should have 



been beneatli diem. 

 348, line 24, for gentle routlines, read gentler outlines. 

 844, (October Number) line 15, for Group No. 21, read Group No. 20. 



