38 natural history. 



panope in this Presidency, but have little doubt that I have often 

 let it pass for E. core. 



83. P, diphilus. — This species is not rare in Bombay, but has 

 its home on the Deccan plains, where throughout the cold season 

 one finds every babool tree, early in the morning, decorated with 

 hundreds of them torpid with cold. They always rest with wings 

 expanded. The larva feeds on Aristolochia bracteata, a common 

 weed in black soil. The flight of this species, like that of most 

 protected butterflies, is notably feeble. 



84. P. hector. — I have found this in Poona, Bombay and the 

 Islands of the Bombay harbour, but it is rather a scarce butterfly in 

 this Presidency. It seems to be much commoner some years than 

 others. 



Pierinj:. 



85. Hebomoia glaucippe. — I have never seen this at Poona, nor 

 in open country anywhei'e, but in hilly country it occurs down to 

 the level of the sea. One specimen in the collection was caught on 

 Malabar Hill in Bombay, and it is not uncommon across the harbour. 

 On the Ghauts it is very abundant in March and perhaps throughout 

 the cold season. It flies very fast, but often stops at a flower, rest- 

 ing, like the next four or five species, with its wings half open and 

 drooping. 



86. Ixias mariamne. — This occurs every where and at all 

 seasons, frequenting hedges and small jungle. It is equally abund- 

 ant on the hills and on the plains. 



87. I. pyrene. — Perhaps not quite so plentiful as the last, but 

 equally ubiquitous. I believe in only two species of Ixias in this 

 Presidency. Those who describe under a new name every specimen 

 in which their practised eyes detect some minute diversity in the 

 position of a spot or the breath of a margin, seem to me to assume 

 an invariability of specific coloration which has no parallel elsewhere 

 in the animal kingdom, and the argument that the varieties so 

 described are constant loses all force to the plain man's mind when 

 he finds that one expert rejects half the species founded, or accepted, 

 by another. 



88. Teracvlus danae. This species seems to require a dry 

 climate. I have found it pretty common in Berar and Cutch and it 

 occurs in Poona, but not ordinarily in the Konkan, though Col. 

 Swinhoe took it in Bombay during the famine year. 



89. T. etrida. I have not yet seen any reason to believe that 



