— 85 — 



Tlie ramus communicans ad truncus hyoideo-mandibularis facialis, in Scorpaena and Lepido- 

 trigla, is entirely of generalciitaneousfibers, and running postero-laterally through the facialis opening 

 of the trigemino-facialis chamber joins the truncus facialis inimediately bevond the motor branchcs 

 to the adductor arcus palatini and adductor hyomandibularis. In Cottus a corresponding brauch is 

 found, and it is doubtless a general cutaneous one though this could not be determined in my sections. 



The two independent branches that arise from the trigeminus ganglion in Scorpaena, arise 

 from its anterior end. One runs upward and laterally across the anterior edge of the levator arcus 

 palatini, and is distributed to the skin along the hind margin of the orbit. The other brauch apparently 

 coutains both general cutaneous and communis fibers, and as it joins and accompanies the oticus 

 lateralis it will be described with that nerve. In Lejjidotrigla the first one of these two branches is 

 found, but there is apparently no brauch joining the oticus lateralis. 



In Dactylopterus two general cutaneous branches arise from the anterior end of the trigeminus 

 ganglion. One of these branches joins and accompanies the ophthalmicus lateralis and is the ramus 

 ophthalmicus trigemini. The other separates into two parts, one of which joins the oticus lateralis, 

 the other traversing the alisphenoid by an independent foramen, accompanied by a blood vessel 

 which is apparently the anterior cerebral yein of my descriptions, but not accompanied by lateralis 

 fibers; the lateralis brauch to the posterior supraorbital organ not perforating the alisphenoid in this 

 fish and not having a partly intracranial course, as in the other fishes of the group. Dactylopterus 

 differs also from the other three fishes examined in this connection, in that there are two instead 

 of one communicating branches from the trigeminus ganglion to the nervus facialis, both of them 

 containing general cutaneous fibers only. One of these branches arises from the posterior end of the 

 ganglion, and passing backward through the facialis opening of the trigemino-facialis chamber joins 

 the neryus facialis internal to the hyomandibular. The other brauch arises further forward from 

 the ganglion, passes outward through the trigeminus opening of the chamber and then runs postero- 

 ventrally, external to the hyomandibular, to join the truncus mandibularis facialis after it issues 

 from the facial canal in the hyomandibular. This condition in Dactylopterus is somewhat similar 

 to that described by Herrick in Menidia, where there are also two communicating branches, one quite 

 undoubtedly issuing through the facialis and the other through the trigeminus opening of a trigemino- 

 facialis Chamber, although this chamber is not described and the references to the related foramina 

 are perplexing. But the two branches in Menidia difier from those in Dactylopterus in that they 

 unite to form a single nerve which passes internal to the hyomandibular to join the truncus hyoideo- 

 mandibularis, no portion of either of them joining the nerve external to that bone. Stannius says 

 ('49, p. 47) that this communicating brauch from the trigeminus to the facialis is found in nearly 

 all teleosts, and that it issues from the skull with the truncus maxillaris trigemini; the latter part of 

 the Statement being an evident error as regards certain teleosts. 



d. Nervus Facialis. 



This nerve includes, according to the component theory, all the fibers that are contained in the 

 lateralis and communis roots of the trigemino-facialis complex, as well as those of the motor facialis root. 



The dorsal one of the two lateralis roots, which I have called the lateralis trigemini, separates, 

 while still in the cranial cavity, into ophthalmicus and buccalis portions. 



The ophthalmicus lateralis almost always, in the adult of Scorpaena, traverses a separate 

 foramen which lies directly above the trigeminus foramen, and the nerve Ues upon the dorsal siirface 



