-^ 96 — 



There are naso-maxillary, ethmo-maxillary, intermaxillary, rostro-palatine, rostro-nasal, rostro- 

 maxillary, vomero-palatine, lachrymo-palatine and maxillo-mandibular ligaments, as in Scorpaena. 

 And, in addition to these ligaments, there were, in the large specimen of Sebastes that was particu- 

 larly examined, other well-developed ligamentnus or fibrous bands that were not evident in the fibrous 

 and connective tissue that, in the smaller specimens of Scorpaena that were examined, connected 

 the several bones. One of these fibrous bands extended from the dorso-anterior edge of the ascending 

 process of the maxillary to the mesial surface of the maxillary process of the palatine; and, lying 

 on the dorsal surface of this wide band, a flat ligament extended from the same point to the anterior 

 edge of the lachrymal. Another ligament extended from the proximal end of the shank of the 

 maxillary into the angle between the ascending and maxillary processes of the premaxillary, binding 

 these two bones together in the region of their articular surfaces. The naso-maxillary ligament, in 

 this fish, spreads at its anterior end, and is there inserted partly on the anterior edge of the lachrymal 

 as well as on the ligamentary process of the maxillary. 



The frontal has a ventral flange as in Scorpaena. 



The alisphenoid has slight ridges on its outer surface which represent those two little processes 

 of the bone of Scorpaena that form, in that fish, ossified portions of the parasphenoid leg of the bone. 

 The bone is traversed by a canal which transmits the nerve that innervates the terminal or sixth 

 organ of the supraorbital canal, this canal beginning on the outer surface of the skull in the sutural 

 line between the alisphenoid and proötic, and from there running upward in the alisphenoid to about 

 the middle point of the bone, where it opens into the cranial cavity. 



The trigemino-facialis Chamber and related nerves are as in Scorpaena. On the outer surface 

 of the proötic, immediately ventral to the trigemino-facialis chamber, the dorsal end of the first 

 infrapharyngobranchial is strongly attached by fibrous tissues. The pedicle of the basisphenoid is 

 straight, instead of being strongly curved. The myodome has proötic and basioccipital portions, 

 and opens posteriorly onto the ventral surface of the basioccipital. The sphenotic is perforated, 

 from its orbital face, by the oticus canal, this canal crossing the mesial end of the dilatator fossa 

 and transmitting the oticus lateralis accompanied by a more slender nerve which runs backward 

 into the temporal fossa. The dilatator fossa is relatively larger than in Scorpaena, but has no apprec- 

 iable roof excepting along its anterior edge where it is roofed by the small postfrontal bone. 



The dorsal surface of the pterotic is deeply excavated by the main infraorbital canal, the 

 section of canal that is related to it being roofed only by a single narrow and delicate bridge of bone. 

 Anterior to this bridge, and lying partly on the sphenotic and partly on the frontal, there is a large 

 groove which lodges those portions of the main infraorbital and supraorbital canals that adjoin their 

 point of anastomosis. Posterior to the pterotic bridge, between it and the anterior edge of the lateral 

 extrascapular, there is a smaller, but still relatively large opening which is the latero-sensory opening 

 between the pterotic and lateral extrascapular. The narrow pterotic bridge, and the narrow pterotic 

 edges of the large groove that lodges the main infraorbital canal represent all there is of the outer, 

 dorsal surface of the dermo-pterotic. 



The lateral extrascapular is a delicate bone that Covers a part only of the temporal fossa. 

 It is traversed by the main infraorbital and supratemporal canals, both of which canals are large. 

 The main infraorbital canal lies mainly in a deep groove on the lateral edge of the bone, the canal 

 being whoUy enclosed, at one point only, by a narrow bridge of bone. The anterior corner of the 

 bone rests on the dorsal surface of the pterotic, and its posterior corner on the dorsal surface of the 



