— 30 — 



of the lateral wall of the buccal cavity. The ligament here lies along the anterior edge of tue super- 

 ficial division, A v of the adductor mandibulae muscle, and separates into a number of ligamentous 

 strings. These strings soon reunite into a broad ligamentous band which passes over the external 

 surface of a tough päd of fibrous tissue that Covers the coronoid process of the mandible, and there 

 separates into two parts, both of which continue onward and have their insertions on the external 

 surface of the articular, along a ridge that forms the ventral rnargin of the articular facet for the 

 quadrate. As the ligament passes over the coronoid päd of fibrous tissue there is apparently an inter- 

 change of fibers with that päd. This ligament, in Scomber, gives insertion to a part of the deeper 

 division, A 3 , of the adductor mandibulae muscle, and is the tendon A 3 mx of my descriptions 

 of that fish. 



Between the ventro-anterior (lateral) edge of the ligamentary process of the maxillary and the 

 proximal portion of the shank of that bone, there is a wide V-shaped groove. This groove fits upon the 

 dorsal edge of the premaxillary, immediately distal to the base of the articular process of the bone, 

 and also embraces the basal portion of that articular process itself. The articular process of the 

 premaxillary articulates, however, with the shank and ascending process of the maxillary, in the 

 manner just above set forth, and not with its ligamentary process, although this latter process may 

 have a secondary participation in this articulation. 



On the dorsal surface of the ligamentary process, in the angle between it and the lateral (distal) 

 surface of the ascending process of the bone, there is a little pit-like depression which gives support 

 and articulation to the anterior end of the maxillary process of the palatine, that process being firmly 

 but moveably bound to the maxillary. Immediately postero-lateral (distal) to this articular surface, 

 the ligamentary process gives support, on its dorsal surface, and is firmly bound by ligamentous 

 tissue to, the anterior, process-like end of the lachrymal. 



Onthedorso-posterior (mesial) surface of the shank of the maxillary, opposite the postero-lateral 

 (distal) end of its ligamentary process, there is a depression which gives insertion to a short tendon 

 of the dorsal portion of the superficial division, A l5 of the adductor mandibulae muscle; this insertion 

 of the tendon of this muscle thus differing from that in Scomber, where it is inserted on the inner 

 surface of the lachrymal. 



The ascending process of the maxillary is directed dorso-posteriorly, and its summit is thickened 

 to form an even, smooth and slightlv curved edge, which is covered, in the recent state, with glistening 

 connective, or semi-cartilaginous tissue. The postero-ventral portion of this curved edge has a sliding 

 articulation, through the intermediation of a päd of tough fibrous or semi-cartilaginous tissue, with 

 the dorsal surface of the dorsal limb of the vomer. The päd of semi-cartilaginous tissue is suspended 

 in that fibrous band that extends from the ventral surface of the rostral to the proximal end of the 

 shank of the maxillary, and that has alreody been described. The remaining and larger portion of 

 the summital edge of the process, although having the appearance of an articular surface, does not 

 articulate with any structure. It, however, in its motion, rubs against the internal surface of the 

 ethmo-maxillary ligament, against the anterior edge or internal surface of the rostro-palatine liga- 

 ment, and rubs and pushes against the anterior surface of the nasal sac. 



An ascending process of the maxillary is doubtless present in all the Acanthopterygii and 

 Anacanthini; but it is certainly not always developed to the extent, and in the manner that it is in 

 Scorpaena. In Scomber, for instance, the single process of Scorpaena is represented by two separate 

 processes. One of these processes is longitudinal in position, articulates by its dorsal edge with the 



