THE TULIP. 227 



retained on the cuttings assist the protrusion of roots, and tlie develop- 

 ment of other leaves. 



As the removal of the cutting- from the parent branch will make no 

 change in the nature of tlie sap, which is always more or less in circu- 

 lation in the whole system of the plant, and as it is the office of the 

 cambium, or proper juice, to descend in the cutting to tlie joint at 

 wJiich it was cut ; when its downward course is impeded, it accumulates 

 there until a callous is formed, and roots are protruded ; the organized 

 matter of the cutting is diminished to supply the development of roots, 

 and the leaves are required to secrete moie, to replace that which was 

 expended in the formation of roots. It is when there is sufficient 

 organized matter in the cutting to supply tiie roots without exhausting 

 its own vital energies, that tlie external assistance derived from the 

 leaves may not be needed. — {Magazine of JBotamj.) 



BUDDING ROSES. 



The best season for budding is July. The best time of the day, is 

 either early in the morning, or at least, as early as seven o'clock, or 

 after three o'clock in the afternoon ; cloudy, moist days are most 

 suitable. Cut off the head of your stocks, and all the side branches to 

 three, that is for standards. For dwarfs, cut off to within six inches of 

 the ground ; then, with the knife, make an incision on the upper side 

 of the young side branches, as close to the main stem as possible. TJiis 

 incision should be about an inch long, lengthwise on the branch. Cut 

 a cross just at the top of this incision, in a direction somewhat slanting. 

 Then take off the bud, previously cutting off the leaf, leaving part of 

 the leafstalk. Cut away with the bud, a portion of the bark from the 

 parent stem, which is technically called the shield of the hud, and a 

 portion of wood with it. This bud, and the bark and wood with it, 

 should be, altogether, rather more than three-quarters of an inch lono-. 

 Turn the bud over between your finger and thumb, and dexterously 

 take out the greater part of the wood, but be careful to leave the Avood 

 full in the eye of tiie bud. Then raise one side of the bark of the 

 incision, in the shape of a T made in the stock, and, witli the ivory 

 handle of the budding knife, slip in one side of the bark attached to the 

 bud, then turn your knife, and lift up the other side of the incision, and 

 the bud will drop into its place : press the bark of the bud to the further 

 end of the incision, and, if any projects bej'^ond the cross incision on 

 the stock, cut it off. Then tie with the worsted neatly, and the opera- 

 tion is complete. — ( Cottage Gardener.) 



THE TULIP (FOR A Beginner). 



J DOUBT not but amongst the readers of this Magazine there are some 

 beginners in Tulip culture, and a word of advice may be of use to such 

 from an old grower of some eminence. I beg to observe that in making 

 liici selection he should begin witii clean flowers only, never niinding 



