BRIEF BEMAUKS. 323 



dung, which was then in a pulverized condition. I returned them to 

 the frame, gave all air in the day, and at the end of April I placed 

 them on a sunny border, in a open situation, and plunged them to the 

 rim in ashes, llere they remained till the end of July, having due 

 attention. As the plants showed for blooming I pinched off the 

 flower-buds. At this time I removed them to a north border behind a 

 low hedge, plunged as before, pinching off Rose-buds. About the 

 middle of September I cut back all the new shoots, so as to leave 

 about three buds on each ; and early in October I removed the plants 

 into a cool frame, and occasionally watered with liquid manure. They 

 soon pushed, and the forwardest were successively removed into my 

 greenhouse, whicli is of medium temperature, and is in connexion with 

 a sitting-room, where I had a constant bloom till May. It is essential 

 to get the wood well-ripened, by exposure to the sun, and then to keep the 

 plants cool afterwards to retard tlieir pusliing towards the end of summer. 



My other portion of Roses I treated in a similar manner, but kept 

 them later in spring, and introduced them into the greenhouse, so as 

 to have them in bloom from August to tiie end of November. Tliis is 

 readily done ; and as these were principally Tea and Perpetuals, their 

 fragrance and beauty were alike acceptable. — Clericus. 



Standard Roses on a Lawn. — I am about to plant two dozen 

 Standard Roses along the side of a walk, but they must be upon the 

 grass lawn. Is it essential to success that eacli should liave a circular 

 space without turf, or will they flourish if the roots are tm-fed over? 

 An early reply will oblige — A JBeginner. 



[They will not succeed well if the roots are covered Avith turf; by 

 all means have a circular (or other shape) space of four feet diameter, 

 aud that composed of a rich compost, and each following year be kept 

 so. Turf over the roots prevents rain, air, &c., properly penetrating 

 to them. To cover over the surface properly, we have seen a plant of 

 the finest climbing Roses planted at one side, coiled around and over 

 the entire surface, which blooming beautifully had a pretty and corre- 

 sponding effect. The stem of the standard too was covered by a shoot 

 coiled around, but it was prevented entering the head of the standard. 

 A different coloured Rose from the standard was appropriated to make 

 the contrast striking. We once saw a half globe wire-frame thus 

 placed over the space, which was covered with Wells's White Rose in 

 vast profusion, and the standard was a rich crimson.] 



Okchideous Plants. — In your notes on New or Rare Plants, 

 frequent mention is made of the terms Parasitical plants and Epiphytes. 

 I am persuaded many of your readers do not know the essential dis- 

 tinctions of them, and I forward the following for an early insertion :— 



Parasitical PUmts, that is to say, such as are either destitute of the 

 power of pumping up their nourishment from tlie soil, or of elaborating 

 it completely : or as cannot exist without absorbing the juices of other 

 vegetables. These are found in all the preceding stations. Tliey may 

 be divided into, first, those whicli grow on the surface of others, as the 

 Cuscuta and the Mistletoe; and, secondly, intestinal Parasites, which 

 are developed in the interior of living plants, and pierce the epidermus 

 (outer bark) to make their appearance outwardly, such as the Uredo 

 and iridium. 



