38 GEXTIAXA BAYARICA. 



The several species of Anchusa, to which reference has so frequently been made, 

 are desirable for the back row of the mixt border, or for the shrubbery ; italira, 

 incarnata, Barrelieri, and paniculata, are among the best. 



There are some other desirable hardy plants in this Order, but enough has been 

 said to show that they are by no means deserving the neglect which they have 

 experienced since the introduction of the modern style of gardening. 



The Boraginacece are destitute of any marked properties, and the whole are 

 believed to be innocuous ; they are of some value in an ceconomical point of view, 

 the roots of several of the species, especially the Anchusa tinctoria, Lithospermum 

 tinctorium, and EcMum rubrum, yielding a red colouring matter, much used for 

 colouring oils, and also in dyeing ; the first-named plant is largely cultivated for 

 this purpose. 



GENTIAN A BAYARICA. 



Bavarian Gentian. 

 Linnean Order— Pentandria. Class— Monogynia. Natural Order— GentiakacejB. 



Toe Gentians are usually supposed to be difficult of cultivation, and it must be 

 confessed they are rather more fastidious in their requirements than some other 

 plants ; but with a trifling amount of care there are few localities where they will 

 not succeed, except, perhaps, in the heart of a crowded city. In towns of only 

 moderate size we have, however, seen the Gentiana acaulis flourishing perfectly, 

 and that too in soils of the most diverse character. They are impatient of stagnant 

 moisture, especially in winter, and they suffer from full exposure to the mid-day 

 sun during the hottest months of the year ; it is probable that inattention to these 

 points is the chief cause of failure in their cultivation, and of their consequent 

 rarity in our gardens. 



"With regard to soil they are by no means so particular as is commonly supposed. 

 They will thrive in peat ; in a mixture of peat and loam ; and also in friable loam 

 containing a little sand. Rich highly-manured soil is objectionable, and in wet 

 adhesive loams they will live but a short time ; but in either case it will only be 

 necessary to supply a small quantity of the compost of peat and sandy loam, with 

 drainage beneath it, in order to place the plants in the condition requisite to 

 ensure success. 



The exposition should be such that the plants are screened from the sun during 

 the hottest part of the day, only the morning and evening rays being allowed to 

 reach them, especially in dry arid soils ; but the situation should be as light and airy 

 as possible — they will neither bear to be smothered by other plants, nor endure the 



