90 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



colonies, with finely granular, faintly yellow cupped centres, from which 

 fine streaks radiated to the clear and colourless periphery. The bacillus 

 is a short rounded rod, in length about three times the breadth ; in old 

 cultures it forms long unsegmented threads ; it stains well with the 

 ordinary aniline dyes, but not by Gram ; it is not acid-fast ; it has 

 molecular but no true motility, and no flagella could be demonstrated ; 

 spore formation was not observed. No growth was obtained, either 

 under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, in the usual fluid media, except- 

 ing glucose broth, in which medium, under anaerobic conditions, a 

 granular deposit appears after three or four days, the medium itself 

 remaining clear. Optimum temperature 30°-37° C. It was non- 

 pathogenic for mice. 



Bacillus Renalis and the Pseudo-diphtheria Bacillus of Man.* — 

 W. Ernst, in a note on Pyelonephritis diphtheritica hovis and the Bacillus 

 renalis observes the similarity of this organism to the pseudo-diphtheria 

 bacillus of man both in morphological and in cultural characters. Both 

 are non-motile aerobic bacteria with tendency to pleomorphism ; in 

 culture there is no production of acid, or of indol ; growth is especially 

 good in neutral or slightly alkaline urine, urine agar, or urine broth ; 

 guinea-pigs are unaffected after inoculation. 



Flora of Malignant Growths.f — L. Karwacki has made cultivations 

 from a number of malignant growths and has isolated various organisms, 

 the cultural and staining characteristics of which he describes and com- 

 pares with those of the organisms that have been isolated from similar 

 growths by other investigators. He has studied especially the staphy- 

 lococci and streptococci, and has noted the various results obtained with 

 agglutination experiments made with different sera. 



Anaerobic Bacteria producing Necrosis and Suppuration in 

 Cattle. $ — L. Roux refers to 27 cases of necrosis and suppuration amongst 

 cattle, and gives account of the organisms either present or isolated in 

 each case. He found aerobes, B. coli communis, B. vulgaris, and strepto- 

 cocci, and anaerobes, B. necrophorus {Actinomyces necrophorus, Lehman 

 and Neuman), spore-headed bacilli or pseudo-tetanus bacilli allied to 

 B. putrificus coli (Bienstock) and to B. saproyenes carnis (Salus), an 

 anaerobic variety of B. pyogenes hovis (Kunnemann), also a spirillum. 

 Experimental necrosis was best obtained by inoculating a bacterium of 

 the aerobic group with one of the anaerobic group or a toxin of the 

 spore-headed bacillus, into the muscle of a pigeon. 



Intestinal Streptococcus of the Horse.§ — L. Baruchello found a 

 saprophytic streptococcus in 92 examinations of the intestinal contents 

 of 87 horses ; he also isolated the same organism from a donkey. Kaffein 

 broth was employed for purpose of isolation ; the streptococcus stains 

 by the ordinary dyes but not by Gram ; cultures were obtained on agar 

 and glycerin-agar ; on gelatin, which did not become liquefied ; on serum, 

 and on potato ; milk was slowly coagulated ; there was no production 

 of indol, nor gas in sugar media. It is a potential anaerobe ; it is 



* Centralbl. Bakt., Ref. lte Abt., xxxvi. (1905) p. 148. 



t Op. cit., Orig. lte Abt., xxxix. (1905) p. 369. 



% Tom. cit., p. 531. § Tom. cit., p. 569. 



